Kouris A, Wahlqvist M L, Worsley A
Department of Human Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1988 Nov;88(11):1422-5.
This study sought to characterize 40 clients with diabetes, 19 of whom adhered to a high-carbohydrate/fiber diet and 21 of whom did not, in accordance with the adherence pattern. There would seem to be distinct differences in the characteristics of adherers and non-adherers. Dietary adherence was found to be independent for sex, age, occupation, marital status, ethnicity, and education. However, comparison of the groups' health and dietary perceptions showed that non-adherers, as opposed to adherers, were not concerned about reaching their ideal body weight; needed to be motivated to exercise by family or friends; did not perceive diabetes as a threat to their health; were not satisfied with their knowledge about diabetes; were not content with their nutrient status but believed they were consuming adequate amounts of carbohydrate; and believed that they did not need to change their intake of fruit, vegetables, and bread--liking/disliking of these foods being the most important barrier to dietary change. Such patients, identified in screening for potential dietary non-adherence, may benefit from the use of educational strategies different from those used with patients who are more oriented toward health.
本研究旨在根据依从模式对40名糖尿病患者进行特征描述，其中19名坚持高碳水化合物/高纤维饮食，21名则未坚持。坚持者和未坚持者的特征似乎存在明显差异。研究发现，饮食依从性与性别、年龄、职业、婚姻状况、种族和教育程度无关。然而，对两组的健康和饮食观念进行比较后发现，与坚持者相比，未坚持者并不关心能否达到理想体重；需要家人或朋友激励才会去锻炼；不认为糖尿病会威胁到他们的健康；对自己糖尿病方面的知识不满意；对自己的营养状况不满意，但认为自己碳水化合物摄入量充足；并且认为自己无需改变水果、蔬菜和面包的摄入量——对这些食物的喜好/厌恶是饮食改变的最重要障碍。在筛查潜在饮食不依从情况时发现的这类患者，可能会从使用不同于针对更注重健康的患者所采用的教育策略中受益。
