Zheng C J, Xue C Z, Wu W P, Zhou X N
Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Filariasis, Kala-azar and Echinococcosis Department, National Institution for Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200025, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Apr 10;38(4):431-434. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.04.004.
To explore the epidemiological characteristics of Kala-azar disease in China from 2005 to 2015, to provide evidence for the development of related control and measurement strategies. Data was obtained from Disease Reporting Information System of China CDC, to compare factors on type, distribution, peak season and the age of onset of the cases. Epidemic of Kala-azar had been persistent in China. Number of the reported cases declined in Sichuan and Gansu provinces but two outbreaks had occurred in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region. The epidemic was confined in few areas. The reported cases were mainly from Xinjiang, Gansu and Sichuan, with the total cases in these three provinces accounted for 95.29 of all the cases seen in the country. The main peak season was from October to November, followed by April. There were significant differences seen in the age distributions of canine Kala-azar, anthroponotic Kala-azar and wildlife-oriented Kala-azar (<0.05) cases. Majority of the cases involved under 3-year-olds, with peak age in under 1-year-olds for wildlife-oriented Kala-azar. For anthroponotic and canine Kala-azar cases, most of them were seen among the under 10 years old, with the peak among the 5-year-olds. In recent years,Kala-azar had been seen endemic and persistent, in the mid-west regions of China, but with different epidemiological characteristics. Further study on Kala-azar should be carried on to include appropriate measurements and strategies, according to the features of the disease, in the mid-western areas of China.
为探讨2005年至2015年中国黑热病的流行病学特征，为制定相关防控策略提供依据。数据来源于中国疾病预防控制中心疾病报告信息系统，对病例的类型、分布、发病高峰季节和发病年龄等因素进行比较。黑热病在中国呈持续流行态势。四川省和甘肃省报告病例数有所下降，但新疆维吾尔自治区发生了两起疫情。疫情局限于少数地区。报告病例主要来自新疆、甘肃和四川，这三个省份的病例总数占全国病例总数的95.29%。主要发病高峰季节为10月至11月，其次是4月。犬源性黑热病、人源性黑热病和野生动物源性黑热病病例的年龄分布存在显著差异（<0.05）。大多数病例为3岁以下儿童，野生动物源性黑热病的发病高峰年龄在1岁以下。人源性和犬源性黑热病病例大多见于10岁以下儿童，发病高峰在5岁。近年来，黑热病在中国中西部地区呈地方性流行且持续存在，但具有不同的流行病学特征。应根据中国中西部地区黑热病的特点，进一步开展研究并采取适当的措施和策略。
