Han Shuai, Chen Sheng-Bang, Yang Zhang-Hong, Feng Yu, Wu Wei-Ping
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China.
Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Mar 25;11:645944. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.645944. eCollection 2021.
Leishmaniasis is a regional infectious disease caused by the bite of -carrying sandflies. The clinical symptoms include prolonged fever, spleen enlargement, anemia, emaciation, leukopenia, and increased serum globulin levels. If not appropriately treated, patients may die of complications caused by leishmaniasis within 1-2 years after the onset of the illness. Therefore, further investigation of the mechanisms of infection by this pathogen is required. Here, an epidemiological study of carriers was conducted. The potential mechanism of infection through domestic animals as carriers of the parasite was investigated to identify potential reservoir hosts for
The rK-39 strip test was performed on blood samples from previously infected patients. Blood samples were collected from the patients and their families. The blood, liver, spleen, and diaphragm muscle samples were collected from livestock. To perform nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA was extracted and the internal transcribed spacer sequence was used. The amplified products were then subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism and phylogenetic analyses.
Among previously infected patients, 40% (12/30) showed positive results in the rK-39 strip test. The nested PCR positive rates for previously infected patients/relatives and livestock samples were 86% (77/90) and 80% (8/10), respectively. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis showed that the pathogen was . Dogs, patients, and domesticated animals carrying were found to be a potential source of infection for leishmaniasis.
The results of this study provide a basis for developing disease prevention and control strategies for leishmaniasis.
利什曼病是一种由携带利什曼原虫的白蛉叮咬引起的区域性传染病。临床症状包括长期发热、脾脏肿大、贫血、消瘦、白细胞减少以及血清球蛋白水平升高。若未得到恰当治疗，患者可能在发病后1至2年内死于利什曼病引发的并发症。因此，需要进一步研究该病原体的感染机制。在此，开展了一项关于利什曼原虫携带者的流行病学研究。研究了家畜作为寄生虫携带者的潜在感染机制，以确定潜在的储存宿主。
对既往感染患者的血样进行rK-39试纸条检测。采集患者及其家属的血样。从家畜采集血液、肝脏、脾脏和膈肌样本。为进行巢式聚合酶链反应（PCR），提取DNA并使用内部转录间隔序列。然后对扩增产物进行限制性片段长度多态性分析和系统发育分析。
在既往感染患者中，40%（12/30）的rK-39试纸条检测呈阳性。既往感染患者/亲属和家畜样本的巢式PCR阳性率分别为86%（77/90）和80%（8/10）。此外，系统发育分析表明病原体为[具体病原体名称未给出]。发现携带利什曼原虫的狗、患者和家畜是利什曼病的潜在传染源。
本研究结果为制定利什曼病的疾病预防和控制策略提供了依据。
