Sattar Muhammad N, Iqbal Zafar, Tahir Muhammad N, Ullah Sami
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, King Faisal UniversityAl-Hasa, Saudi Arabia.
Akhuwat-Faisalabad Institute of Research, Science and TechnologyFaisalabad, Pakistan.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Apr 19;8:631. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00631. eCollection 2017.
Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), the most complex disease of cotton, is a major limiting biotic factor to worldwide cotton productivity. Several whitefly-transmitted monopartite begomoviruses causing CLCuD have been characterized and designated as CLCuD-associated begomoviruses. Despite of being reported over 100 years ago in Africa, CLCuD became economically pandemic causing massive losses to cotton production in Pakistan and India during past couple of decades. In Asia, cotton has faced two major epidemics during this period viz. "Multan epidemic" and "Burewala epidemic." The "Multan epidemic" era was 1988-1999 after which the virus remained calm until 2002 when "Burewala epidemic" broke into the cotton fields in Indo-Pak subcontinent, till 2013-2014. However, both the epidemics were caused by monopartite begomovirus complex. Similarly in Africa, with associated DNA-satellites causes CLCuD. Quite recently, in the Old World (both Asia and Africa), bipartite begomoviruses have started appearing in the areas under cotton cultivation. Under such aggravated circumstances, it seems we are heading toward another epidemic of CLCuD in the Old World. Here we articulate the causes and potential emergence of the third epidemic of CLCuD in Asia. The current situation of CLCuD in Asia and Africa is also discussed.
棉花卷叶病（CLCuD）是棉花最复杂的病害，是全球棉花生产力的主要生物限制因素。几种由粉虱传播的单分体双生病毒引起了CLCuD，这些病毒已被鉴定并命名为与CLCuD相关的双生病毒。尽管CLCuD在100多年前就在非洲被报道，但在过去几十年里，它在经济上成为一种大流行病害，给巴基斯坦和印度的棉花生产造成了巨大损失。在亚洲，在此期间棉花面临了两次主要的疫情，即“木尔坦疫情”和“布勒瓦拉疫情”。“木尔坦疫情”时期是1988年至1999年，此后该病毒一直处于平静状态，直到2002年“布勒瓦拉疫情”在印巴次大陆的棉田爆发，一直持续到2013年至2014年。然而，这两次疫情都是由单分体双生病毒复合体引起的。同样在非洲，相关的DNA卫星也会导致CLCuD。最近，在旧世界（亚洲和非洲），二分体双生病毒已开始出现在棉花种植区。在这种日益严重的情况下，似乎我们正朝着旧世界的另一次CLCuD疫情发展。在此，我们阐述了亚洲CLCuD第三次疫情的成因和潜在出现情况。还讨论了亚洲和非洲CLCuD的现状。
