a Department of Family Medicine , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
b Department of Psychiatry , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Sep;39(3):196-202. doi: 10.1080/0167482X.2017.1321631. Epub 2017 May 4.
There have been few population-based studies reporting medical, lifestyle and psychological factors associated with irregular menstrual cycles. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence and related factors of irregular menstrual cycles in Korean women.
Cross-sectional data from the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Eligible women were 19-40 years old, not currently taking oral contraceptives or using intrauterine devices, and not currently pregnant or breast feeding, and had no medical history of hysterectomy, thyroid diseases, cancers or renal failure. Finally, 3194 premenopausal women were recruited in this study. The prevalence and related factors of irregular cycles were obtained using a general linear model and logistic regression analyses in a complex sampling design.
The prevalence of irregular cycles was 14.3%. Age and high-education level were associated with lower odds ratios (ORs) for irregular cycles (OR 0.91, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.87-0.96, and OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38-0.88, respectively). The ORs of body mass index, perceived stress and depressive mood were 1.05 (95% CI 1.01-1.10), 1.46 (95% CI 1.11-1.92) and 2.07 (95% CI 1.18-3.63), respectively.
Age, perceived stress, body mass index, depressive mood and education level, rather than obstetric factors or metabolic diseases were significant factors associated with irregular menstrual cycles in Korean women. Of these factors, perceived stress is the most significant factor associated with increased irregular menstrual cycles.
目前，很少有基于人群的研究报告与不规则月经周期相关的医学、生活方式和心理因素。本研究旨在阐明韩国女性不规则月经周期的流行情况及其相关因素。
本研究使用了第 5 次韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的横断面数据。合格的女性年龄在 19-40 岁之间，目前未服用口服避孕药或使用宫内节育器，目前未怀孕或哺乳，且无子宫切除术、甲状腺疾病、癌症或肾衰竭的病史。最终，本研究纳入了 3194 名绝经前女性。采用复杂抽样设计的广义线性模型和逻辑回归分析，获得不规则周期的流行率及其相关因素。
不规则周期的患病率为 14.3%。年龄和高教育程度与较低的不规则周期比值比（OR）相关（OR 0.91，95%置信区间（95%CI）0.87-0.96，和 OR 0.58，95%CI 0.38-0.88）。体重指数、感知压力和抑郁情绪的 OR 分别为 1.05（95%CI 1.01-1.10）、1.46（95%CI 1.11-1.92）和 2.07（95%CI 1.18-3.63）。
年龄、感知压力、体重指数、抑郁情绪和教育程度，而不是产科因素或代谢性疾病，是与韩国女性不规则月经周期相关的重要因素。在这些因素中，感知压力是与不规则月经周期增加最相关的因素。
