Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1474, USA.
Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division, National Park Service, 1201 Oakridge Drive, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA.
Science. 2017 May 5;356(6337):531-533. doi: 10.1126/science.aah4783.
Anthropogenic noise threatens ecological systems, including the cultural and biodiversity resources in protected areas. Using continental-scale sound models, we found that anthropogenic noise doubled background sound levels in 63% of U.S. protected area units and caused a 10-fold or greater increase in 21%, surpassing levels known to interfere with human visitor experience and disrupt wildlife behavior, fitness, and community composition. Elevated noise was also found in critical habitats of endangered species, with 14% experiencing a 10-fold increase in sound levels. However, protected areas with more stringent regulations had less anthropogenic noise. Our analysis indicates that noise pollution in protected areas is closely linked with transportation, development, and extractive land use, providing insight into where mitigation efforts can be most effective.
人为噪声威胁着生态系统，包括保护区的文化和生物多样性资源。利用大陆尺度的声音模型，我们发现人为噪声使美国 63%的保护区单元的背景声音水平增加了一倍，21%的噪声水平增加了 10 倍或更多，超过了已知会干扰人类游客体验和扰乱野生动物行为、适应能力和群落组成的水平。濒危物种的关键栖息地也发现了较高的噪声，其中 14%的物种的声音水平增加了 10 倍。然而，受到更严格监管的保护区的人为噪声较少。我们的分析表明，保护区的噪声污染与交通、开发和采掘性土地利用密切相关，这为减轻噪声污染的努力可以在哪里最有效提供了线索。
