IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2018 Feb;65(1):e1-e6. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12653. Epub 2017 May 4.
Since Schmallenberg disease was discovered in 2011, the disease rapidly spread across Europe. Culicoides biting midges have been implicated as putative Schmallenberg vectors in Europe. The detection of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) in field collected Culicoides was evaluated through retrospective (2011-2012) collections and captures performed in 2013. This study represents the first detection of SBV in field collected Culicoides in Spain. Infectious midges were detected at the foothills of Pyrenees, Aramunt, in the summer 2012. All the specimens infected with Schmallenberg were of the species Culicoides obsoletus s.s. confirming its putative vector status in Spain. Experimental infection on field collected Culicoides provided evidence of atypical high efficiency for SBV vector infection and transmission potential in local populations of Culicoides imicola and in Culicoides of the Obsoletus complex. However, captured individuals of C. imicola were more susceptible to SBV infection than C. obsoletus s.l. (p < .001), with an infection ratio of 0.94 and 0.63, respectively. In contrast, a Culicoides nubeculosus colony appeared to be refractory to SBV infection.
自 2011 年发现沙尔梅伦贝格病以来，该疾病迅速在欧洲蔓延。在欧洲，致倦库蚊已被认为是沙尔梅伦贝格病毒的可能传播媒介。通过 2013 年进行的回顾性（2011-2012 年）收集和捕获，评估了在野外采集的致倦库蚊中沙尔梅伦贝格病毒（SBV）的检测情况。本研究代表了在西班牙首次检测到野外采集的致倦库蚊中存在 SBV。2012 年夏季，在比利牛斯山脉的阿拉蒙特山麓发现了传染性蚊虫。所有感染沙尔梅伦贝格的标本均为致倦库蚊指名亚种，证实其在西班牙具有潜在的媒介地位。对野外采集的致倦库蚊进行的实验感染表明，在当地伊蚊和致倦库蚊复合体的种群中，SBV 具有非典型的高效媒介感染和传播潜力。然而，与致倦库蚊指名亚种（p<.001）相比，捕获的伊蚊个体对 SBV 感染更为敏感，感染率分别为 0.94 和 0.63。相比之下，一个库蚊种群似乎对 SBV 感染具有抗性。
