Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química - Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal Fluminense - Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada - Departamento de Química Analítica - Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal Fluminense - Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, (SP), Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química - Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal Fluminense - Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada - Departamento de Química Analítica - Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal Fluminense - Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 1;599-600:305-313. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.060. Epub 2017 May 4.
Fifteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in two fractions (<63μm and 63-850μm) of street dust samples collected in different urban areas of Rio de Janeiro and Niterói cities, Brazil. Individual PAH concentrations and total PAH concentrations (∑PAH) were evaluated considering geographic and particle size distributions, PAH source and cancer risk. In 53% of the samples, ∑PAH values were higher in the smallest particles than in the largest ones, whereas the inverse was true for 23.5% of the samples. In 23.5% of the samples, both classes of particles showed comparable ∑PAH. The highest ∑PAH concentrations were found in areas of limited air dispersion, resulting in PAH accumulation in street dust. The diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated a strong influence of pyrogenic sources on PAH concentration, mainly of vehicular emissions. The cancer risk levels for children and adults, for both particulate size fractions (<63μm and 63μm-850μm), were comparable for dermal contact and by ingestion, and ranged from 10 to 10, whereas in certain cases the cancer risk level for adults by dermal contact was 2 to 3 times larger than for children. The cancer risk levels via inhalation always ranged from 10 to 10, so this exposure pathway was almost 10 less severe than through ingestion and dermal contact, and thus negligible.
对在巴西里约热内卢和尼泰罗伊市不同城区采集的街尘样品的两个粒径段（<63μm 和 63-850μm）进行了 15 种多环芳烃（PAHs）的分析。考虑到地理分布和粒径分布、PAH 来源和癌症风险，评估了个体 PAH 浓度和总 PAH 浓度（∑PAH）。在 53%的样品中，最小粒径段的∑PAH 值高于最大粒径段，而在 23.5%的样品中情况则相反。在 23.5%的样品中，两类颗粒的∑PAH 值相当。∑PAH 浓度最高的是空气扩散受限的区域，导致街尘中 PAH 积累。诊断比值和主成分分析（PCA）表明，热成因源对 PAH 浓度有强烈影响，主要来自车辆排放。儿童和成人在两个粒径段（<63μm 和 63μm-850μm）通过皮肤接触和吞食途径的癌症风险水平相当，范围从 10 到 10，而在某些情况下，成人通过皮肤接触途径的癌症风险水平是儿童的 2 到 3 倍。通过吸入途径的癌症风险水平始终在 10 到 10 之间，因此与吞食和皮肤接触途径相比，这种暴露途径的危害要小 10 倍，可忽略不计。
