Underwood Mark A, Sohn Kristin
Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, 2516 Stockton Boulevard, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 2017 Jun;44(2):407-427. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2017.01.005. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
Colonization of the extremely preterm infant's gastrointestinal tract and skin begins in utero and is influenced by a variety of factors, the most important including gestational age and environmental exposures. The composition of the intestinal and skin microbiota influences the developing innate and adaptive immune responses with short-term and long-term consequences including altered risks for developing necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and a wide variety of microbe-related diseases of children and adults. Alteration of the composition of the microbiota to decrease disease risk is particularly appealing for this ultra-high-risk cohort that is brand new from an evolutionary standpoint.
极早产儿的胃肠道和皮肤定植在子宫内就开始了，并受到多种因素的影响，其中最重要的因素包括胎龄和环境暴露。肠道和皮肤微生物群的组成会影响先天和适应性免疫反应的发育，其短期和长期后果包括坏死性小肠结肠炎、败血症以及儿童和成人各种与微生物相关疾病的发病风险改变。对于这个从进化角度来看全新的超高风险队列而言，改变微生物群组成以降低疾病风险特别具有吸引力。
