Wang Tao, Xia Zhonghuan, Wu Minmin, Zhang Qianqian, Sun Shiqi, Yin Jing, Zhou Yanchi, Yang Hao
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China.
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing 210023, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2017 May;55:118-128. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.06.025. Epub 2016 Aug 15.
This paper focused on the pollution characteristics, sources and lung cancer risk of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a new urban district of Nanjing, China. Gaseous and aerosol PM (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5μm) samples were collected in spring of 2015. Sixteen PAHs were extracted and analyzed after sampling. Firstly, arithmetic mean concentrations of PAHs and BaP (benzo[a]pyrene equivalent) were calculated. The mean concentrations of PAHs were 29.26±14.13, 18.14±5.37 and 48.47±16.03ng/m in gas phase, particle phase and both phases, respectively. The mean concentrations of BaP were 0.87±0.51, 2.71±2.17 and 4.06±2.31ng/m in gas phase, particle phase and both phases, respectively. Secondly, diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis were adopted to identify the sources of PAHs and the outcomes were the same: traffic exhaust was the predominant source followed by fuel combustion and industrial process. Finally, incremental lung cancer risk (ILCR) induced by whole year inhalation exposure to PAHs for population groups of different age and gender were estimated based on a Monte Carlo simulation. ILCR values caused by particle phase PAHs were greater than those caused by gas phase PAHs. ILCR values for adults were greater than those for other age groups. ILCR values caused by total (gas+particle) PAHs for diverse groups were all greater than the significant level (l0), indicating high potential lung cancer risk. Sensitivity analysis results showed that cancer slope factor for BaP inhalation exposure and BaP concentration had greater impact than body weight and inhalation rate on the ILCR.
本文聚焦于中国南京一个新建城区大气中多环芳烃（PAHs）的污染特征、来源及肺癌风险。于2015年春季采集气态和气溶胶PM（空气动力学直径小于2.5μm的颗粒物）样本。采样后对16种多环芳烃进行萃取和分析。首先，计算多环芳烃和苯并[a]芘当量（BaP）的算术平均浓度。气相、颗粒相及两相中多环芳烃的平均浓度分别为29.26±14.13、18.14±5.37和48.47±16.03ng/m。气相、颗粒相及两相中BaP的平均浓度分别为0.87±0.51、2.71±2.17和4.06±2.31ng/m。其次，采用诊断比值法和主成分分析法确定多环芳烃的来源，结果一致：交通尾气是主要来源，其次是燃料燃烧和工业过程。最后，基于蒙特卡洛模拟估算不同年龄和性别人群组全年吸入多环芳烃所致的肺癌增量风险（ILCR）。颗粒相多环芳烃所致的ILCR值大于气相多环芳烃所致的值。成年人的ILCR值大于其他年龄组。不同组由总（气相+颗粒相）多环芳烃所致的ILCR值均大于显著水平（l0），表明肺癌风险潜力高。敏感性分析结果表明，BaP吸入暴露的癌症斜率因子和BaP浓度对ILCR的影响大于体重和吸入率。
