Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 305 North Murray Hall, Stillwater, OK 74074.
Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 305 North Murray Hall, Stillwater, OK 74074.
Semin Perinatol. 2017 Jun;41(4):214-217. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2017.03.010. Epub 2017 May 3.
Disorders/differences of sex development (DSD) comprise multiple congenital conditions in which chromosomal, gonadal, and/or anatomical sex are discordant. The prediction of future gender identity (i.e., self-identifying as male, female, or other) in children with DSD can be imprecise, and current knowledge about the development of gender identity in people with, and without DSD, is limited. However, sex of rearing is the strongest predictor of gender identity for the majority of individuals with various DSD conditions. When making decisions regarding sex of rearing biological factors (e.g., possession of a Y chromosome, degree and duration of pre- and postnatal androgen exposure, phenotypic presentation of the external genitalia, and fertility potential), social and cultural factors, as well as quality of life should be considered. Information on gender identity outcomes across a range of DSD diagnoses is presented to aid in sex of rearing assignment.
性发育障碍（DSD）包括多种先天性疾病，这些疾病中染色体、性腺和/或解剖性别不一致。对于 DSD 儿童未来的性别认同（即自我认同为男性、女性或其他）的预测可能并不准确，目前对于 DSD 患者和非 DSD 患者的性别认同发展的了解是有限的。然而，对于大多数患有各种 DSD 疾病的个体来说，养育性别的选择是性别认同的最强预测因素。在做出关于养育性别的决定时，应考虑生物学因素（例如，拥有 Y 染色体、雄激素暴露的程度和持续时间、外生殖器的表型表现以及生育能力）、社会文化因素以及生活质量。本文介绍了一系列 DSD 诊断中的性别认同结果，以帮助进行养育性别的分配。
