Achondou Akomoneh Elvis, Fumoloh Foche Francis, Aseneck Aseneck Christian, Awah Abong Ralph, Utokoro Ajonina Marcelus
School of Health and Human Services, Saint Monica University, Buea.
Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Buea, Cameroon.
Afr J Infect Dis. 2016 May 1;10(2):96-101. doi: 10.21010/ajid.v10i2.4. eCollection 2016.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial, superficial vaginal infection involving a reduction in the amount of hydrogen peroxide-producing Lactobacillus and overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria. Common symptoms include increased fishy smelling vaginal discharge which is usually white or gray in color. Burning with urination may occur and itching is uncommon. Risk factors include douching, new or multiple sex partners, antibiotics, and use of intrauterine device among others.
This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among sexually active women aged 15-45 years. Vaginal swabs were obtained with the use of sterile swab sticks which were later smeared on clean glass slides and then Gram stained. The stained smears were observed for bacterial morphotypes with the X100 oil immersion objective and the Nugent scoring system was used to determine BV. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) version 17.0 and were considered significant at p < 0.05.
A total of 100 women participated in the study with the overall prevalence of BV rated 38%. The prevalence of BV with respect to associated factors was also investigated and it was observed that BV was more prevalent in the age groups 20-25 (48.1%) and 25-29 (44.4%), those who had attained only primary education (60.5%), married women, (68.4%), pregnant women (71.0%), and women who practiced vaginal douching, (97.4%). However, no statistical significant difference was observed in the prevalence between these parameters (P > 0.05).
Conclusively, the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in our study population is 38% and highest among women aged between 25 and 34 years, pregnant women, married women, less educated women and women who practiced poor vaginal hygiene.
细菌性阴道病（BV）是一种多微生物引起的浅表性阴道感染，其特征是产过氧化氢的乳酸杆菌数量减少，厌氧菌过度生长。常见症状包括鱼腥味阴道分泌物增多，分泌物通常呈白色或灰色。可能会出现排尿时灼痛，瘙痒并不常见。危险因素包括灌洗、新的或多个性伴侣、抗生素以及使用宫内节育器等。
这项横断面研究评估了15至45岁性活跃女性中细菌性阴道病的患病率。使用无菌拭子棒获取阴道拭子，随后将其涂抹在干净的载玻片上，然后进行革兰氏染色。使用X100油浸物镜观察染色涂片上的细菌形态类型，并使用Nugent评分系统确定BV。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）17.0版对数据进行分析，p<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
共有100名女性参与了该研究，BV的总体患病率为38%。还调查了与相关因素有关的BV患病率，发现BV在20至25岁（48.1%）和25至29岁（44.4%）年龄组、仅接受过小学教育的女性（60.5%）、已婚女性（68.4%）、孕妇（71.0%）以及进行阴道灌洗的女性（97.4%）中更为普遍。然而，这些参数之间的患病率没有观察到统计学上的显著差异（P>0.05）。
总之，我们研究人群中细菌性阴道病的患病率为38%，在25至34岁的女性、孕妇、已婚女性、受教育程度较低的女性以及阴道卫生习惯较差的女性中患病率最高。
