Lewis Beth A, Billing Lauren, Schuver Katie, Gjerdingen Dwenda, Avery Melissa, Marcus Bess H
1 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
2 University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Womens Health (Lond). 2017 Apr;13(1):3-9. doi: 10.1177/1745505717708475. Epub 2017 May 7.
Approximately 13%-19% of new mothers report depression during the postpartum period. Returning to work after childbirth is associated with depression; however, it is unclear if this finding applies to women who are at high risk for postpartum depression. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between employment status and depression symptomatology among women at risk for postpartum depression (defined as personal or maternal history of depression). This study was a post hoc analysis from a previously conducted randomized controlled trial. Participants (n = 124; ages 18-42) were 7 months postpartum and had participated in a randomized trial examining the efficacy of an exercise intervention for the prevention of postpartum depression (study was conducted from January 2010 through November 2011). Participants completed questionnaires examining demographic characteristics and psychosocial variables at 6 weeks and 7 months postpartum. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was administered at 7 months postpartum to assess depression symptomatology. Sixty-eight percent of the participants reported that they were employed at 7 months postpartum. Employment at 7 months postpartum was associated with lower depression symptomatology (as measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) after controlling for condition assignment, marital status, and having other children. Among women who worked outside of the home, there were no differences between those who worked full-time versus part-time on depression symptomatology. Employment may be a protective factor for postpartum depression symptomatology; however, we cannot infer causation given this study's cross-sectional design. Postpartum women at risk for depression who are contemplating employment should consider the possible protective effect of employment on depression.
约13%-19%的初为人母者在产后报告有抑郁症状。产后重返工作岗位与抑郁相关；然而，这一发现是否适用于产后抑郁症高危女性尚不清楚。本研究的目的是探讨产后抑郁症高危女性（定义为有个人或母亲抑郁病史）的就业状况与抑郁症状之间的关系。本研究是对先前进行的一项随机对照试验的事后分析。参与者（n = 124；年龄18-42岁）处于产后7个月，曾参与一项检验运动干预预防产后抑郁症疗效的随机试验（该研究于2010年1月至2011年11月进行）。参与者在产后6周和7个月时完成了关于人口统计学特征和社会心理变量的问卷调查。在产后7个月时采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表来评估抑郁症状。68%的参与者报告称在产后7个月时已就业。在控制了条件分配、婚姻状况和是否有其他子女后，产后7个月时的就业与较低的抑郁症状（以爱丁堡产后抑郁量表衡量）相关。在外出工作的女性中，全职工作者与兼职工作者在抑郁症状方面没有差异。就业可能是产后抑郁症状的一个保护因素；然而，鉴于本研究的横断面设计，我们无法推断因果关系。考虑就业的产后抑郁高危女性应考虑就业对抑郁可能产生的保护作用。
