Strunin Lee, Díaz-Martínez Alejandro, Díaz-Martínez L Rosa, Heeren Timothy, Chen Clara, Winter Michael, Kuranz Seth, Hernández-Ávila Carlos A, Fernández-Varela Héctor, Solís-Torres Cuauhtémoc
Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave., Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Edifico 'F' Primer Piso, Circuito Escolar S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacan, México,D.F.04510, Mexico.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2017 Sep 1;52(5):564-571. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agx027.
This study aimed to examine alcohol, tobacco or marijuana use onset and associations between age of onset and current use, and between age of onset and current polysubstance use among a sample of Mexican young people aged 17-20 years.
Alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and other substance use were identified in a 2012 cross-sectional survey of male and female students entering first year university in Mexico City. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models examined associations between gender, age of onset, order of onset, family substance use and current polysubstance use among 22,224 students.
The largest proportions of males and females initiated alcohol at age 15, tobacco at ages 15-16 and marijuana at ages 16-17. Earlier alcohol and tobacco initiation was associated with past 30-day use of the same substance. Gender differences in alcohol and tobacco use were small but males were significantly more likely than females to use marijuana and be polysubstance users. Family substance use was associated with earlier onset. There was a significant association between the earliest age of any of the three substances and current polysubstance use.
A number of contextual and cultural factors in Mexico may be contributing to early onset, continued use and polysubstance use and deserve attention in research and by prevention programs.
本研究旨在调查17至20岁墨西哥年轻人样本中的酒精、烟草或大麻使用起始情况，以及起始年龄与当前使用之间、起始年龄与当前多种物质使用之间的关联。
在2012年对墨西哥城刚进入大学一年级的男女学生进行的横断面调查中，确定了酒精、烟草、大麻及其他物质的使用情况。卡方检验和逻辑回归模型检验了22224名学生中性别、起始年龄、起始顺序、家庭物质使用与当前多种物质使用之间的关联。
男性和女性开始饮酒的最大比例人群起始年龄为15岁，开始吸烟的为15至16岁，开始吸食大麻的为16至17岁。较早开始饮酒和吸烟与过去30天内使用相同物质有关。酒精和烟草使用方面的性别差异较小，但男性使用大麻和多种物质的可能性明显高于女性。家庭物质使用与较早起始有关。三种物质中任何一种的最早起始年龄与当前多种物质使用之间存在显著关联。
墨西哥的一些背景和文化因素可能导致了过早起始、持续使用和多种物质使用，值得研究和预防项目予以关注。
