Arrais M, Lulua O, Quifica F, Rosado-Pinto J, Gama J M R, Taborda-Barata L
Military Hospital, Luanda, Angola.
Department of Immunoallergology, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2017 Jun 1;21(6):705-712. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0530.
The few epidemiological studies on asthma and allergic diseases performed in Africa have shown that the prevalence of these diseases is high or increasing. No such studies have been performed in Angola.
To determine the prevalence of asthma and other allergic diseases in Angolan adolescents.
This was a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study in the province of Luanda, Angola, using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood study methodology in adolescents aged 13 and 14 years. Twenty-three (12%) public schools were randomly selected. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0 software.
A total of 3128 adolescents were included. The prevalence of asthma (wheezing in the previous 12 months) was 13.4%. The prevalence of rhinitis (sneezing, runny or blocked nose in the previous 12 months) was 27% and that of eczema (itchy skin lesions in the previous 12 months) was 20%; both were more prevalent in girls. Rhinitis was associated with a greater number of episodes of night cough in adolescents with asthma. Rhinitis and eczema, a split-type air conditioning system, and frequent intake (more than once per month) of paracetamol were associated with a higher risk of having asthma.
Asthma and related allergic diseases are a public health problem in adolescents from Luanda. Preventive and control measures should be implemented.
在非洲进行的少数关于哮喘和过敏性疾病的流行病学研究表明，这些疾病的患病率很高或在上升。安哥拉尚未开展此类研究。
确定安哥拉青少年哮喘和其他过敏性疾病的患病率。
这是一项在安哥拉罗安达省进行的描述性、观察性横断面研究，采用儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究的方法，针对13岁和14岁的青少年。随机选择了23所（12%）公立学校。使用社会科学统计软件包第22.0版对数据进行分析。
共纳入3128名青少年。哮喘（过去12个月内喘息）的患病率为13.4%。鼻炎（过去12个月内打喷嚏、流鼻涕或鼻塞）的患病率为27%，湿疹（过去12个月内皮肤瘙痒性病变）的患病率为20%；两者在女孩中更为普遍。鼻炎与哮喘青少年夜间咳嗽发作次数较多有关。鼻炎和湿疹、分体式空调系统以及频繁服用（每月不止一次）扑热息痛与患哮喘的风险较高有关。
哮喘和相关过敏性疾病是罗安达青少年的公共卫生问题。应实施预防和控制措施。
