Department of Pulmonology, Military Hospital Luanda, Angola.
Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola - CISA, Caxito, Bengo, Angola.
Afr Health Sci. 2023 Sep;23(3):672-682. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v23i3.78.
Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases and one of the most frequent causes of hospital care.
To describe the clinical characteristics of asthma and factors associated with its control.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Military Hospital in Luanda, from April 2018 to March 2019. Data collection was performed using questionnaires on asthma symptoms and treatment, socio-demographic and environmental questions, and a Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) questionnaire to assess the level of asthma control. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed. We estimated odds ratios, for higher categories of asthma control. P<0.05 was considered significant.
The sample consisted of 305 asthmatics ≥18-years-old, 56% women, with a mean age of 41.3 years. About 28% of patients had controlled asthma, 36% partially controlled and 35% uncontrolled. Poor asthma control was associated with frequent use of short-acting beta-2 agonists [OR 5.70 (95%CI 2.37;13.7)], oral corticosteroids [OR 3.68 (95%CI 2.24;6.04)], and incorrect inhaler technique [OR 4.08 (95%CI 1.25;13.3)].
A significant number of adults living in Luanda have uncontrolled asthma due to the under-use of inhaled corticosteroid therapy. It is necessary to develop strategic management and prevention plans to improve Angolan asthmatics' medical care.
哮喘是最常见的慢性呼吸道疾病之一，也是导致住院治疗的最常见原因之一。
描述哮喘的临床特征和与控制相关的因素。
2018 年 4 月至 2019 年 3 月，在罗安达军事医院进行了一项横断面研究。使用哮喘症状和治疗、社会人口学和环境问题以及全球哮喘倡议（GINA）问卷收集数据，以评估哮喘控制水平。进行了有序逻辑回归分析。我们估计了哮喘控制更高水平的优势比。P<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
该样本包括 305 名年龄≥18 岁的哮喘患者，其中 56%为女性，平均年龄为 41.3 岁。约 28%的患者哮喘得到了控制，36%部分得到了控制，35%未得到控制。哮喘控制不佳与频繁使用短效β2 激动剂[比值比（OR）5.70（95%置信区间[CI]2.37;13.7）]、口服皮质类固醇[OR 3.68（95%CI 2.24;6.04）]和不正确的吸入器技术[OR 4.08（95%CI 1.25;13.3）]有关。
由于吸入皮质类固醇治疗的使用不足，安哥拉相当数量的成年人患有未得到控制的哮喘。有必要制定战略管理和预防计划，以改善安哥拉哮喘患者的医疗护理。
