Safari A, Reazai M, Tangestaninejad A, Mafi A R, Mousavi Saj
Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Rasoul Akram General Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Firoozgar General Hospital, University Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Indian J Cancer. 2016 Oct-Dec;53(4):587-589. doi: 10.4103/0019-509X.204755.
Lung cancer is the most common malignancy, as well as the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Several studies have shown the causative effect of cigarettes smoking in lung cancer, however, the effect of opium consumption has not yet been well studied. This study has been designed to evaluate the risk of developing lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis in pure opium addicts.
We designed an analytic case-control study with 490 participants. People were divided into three groups: Group A were pure opium addicts, Group B consisted of nonsmoker patients who visited the chest medicine clinic due to complaints such as asthma, respiratory tract infections, and other signs and symptoms unrelated to smoking. Group C were chosen from nonsmoker individuals who visited the Emergency Department due to nonrespiratory problems.
Statistical analysis showed that the three groups were similar with respect to mean age and gender. In Group A, one patient was diagnosed as having bronchoalveolar carcinoma. No other case of lung cancer was found in all three groups. Furthermore, four patients in Group A (5.3%; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-10.3) were found to have pulmonary tuberculosis, as this was significantly higher as compared with groups B and C (P = 0.009 and P< 0.001, respectively).
Although, owing to limited number of cases, a robust conclusion cannot be made, this study can be considered as a base for a well-designed, larger study to further clarify the potential effect of opium abuse in developing lung cancer.
肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤，也是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。多项研究表明吸烟是肺癌的致病因素，然而，吸食鸦片的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在评估单纯鸦片成瘾者患肺癌和肺结核的风险。
我们设计了一项分析性病例对照研究，共有490名参与者。将人群分为三组：A组为单纯鸦片成瘾者，B组由因哮喘、呼吸道感染等与吸烟无关的症状和体征而前往胸科门诊的非吸烟患者组成。C组从因非呼吸道问题前往急诊科的非吸烟个体中选取。
统计分析表明，三组在平均年龄和性别方面相似。A组中有1例患者被诊断为细支气管肺泡癌。在所有三组中均未发现其他肺癌病例。此外，A组中有4例患者（5.3%；95%置信区间，1.3 - 10.3）被发现患有肺结核，与B组和C组相比，这一比例显著更高（分别为P = 0.009和P < 0.001）。
尽管由于病例数量有限，无法得出确凿结论，但本研究可作为进一步阐明鸦片滥用在肺癌发生中潜在影响的精心设计的更大规模研究的基础。
