School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia.
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, Australia.
Appetite. 2017 Sep 1;116:372-380. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.008. Epub 2017 May 6.
Research investigating the effects of dietary behaviours on children's academic achievement has predominately focused on breakfast consumption. The aim of this study was to conduct secondary analysis to examine associations between a range of dietary behaviours and children's academic achievement.
Data on five dietary variables (fruit intake; vegetable intake; consumption of takeaway; sugar sweetened beverages; and breakfast) and scores in the five domains of a standardised academic achievement test known as NAPLAN (reading, writing, grammar/punctuation, spelling and numeracy) were obtained for Australian children aged 8-15 years in school grades three (n = 1185), five (n = 1147), seven (n = 1053) and nine (n = 860). Mixed linear models adjusted for socioeconomic status and gender were used to examine associations between dietary behaviours and academic scores.
Greater consumption of vegetables with the evening meal (7 nights/week) was associated with higher test scores in the domains of spelling and writing (p=<0.01), with the greatest effect observed for spelling with a mean score difference of 86 ± 26.5 NAPLAN points between the highest and lowest levels of consumption (95% CI: 34.0-138.1; p=<0.01). Increased consumption of sugar sweetened beverages was associated with significantly lower test scores in reading, writing, grammar/punctuation and numeracy (<0.01).
The findings of this study demonstrate dietary behaviours are associated with higher academic achievement. Future research should further explore relationships between a wide range of dietary behaviours and children's academic achievement.
研究饮食行为对儿童学业成绩的影响主要集中在早餐摄入上。本研究的目的是进行二次分析，以检验一系列饮食行为与儿童学业成绩之间的关联。
本研究获取了澳大利亚 8-15 岁在校学生（3 年级：n=1185；5 年级：n=1147；7 年级：n=1053；9 年级：n=860）的五项饮食变量（水果摄入量；蔬菜摄入量；外卖食品摄入量；含糖饮料摄入量；早餐）和标准化学业成绩测试（NAPLAN）五个领域的分数，NAPLAN 测试包括阅读、写作、语法/标点、拼写和算术。采用混合线性模型，调整社会经济地位和性别因素，检验饮食行为与学业成绩之间的关联。
晚餐中多吃蔬菜（每周 7 天）与拼写和写作成绩较高有关（p<0.01），最高和最低摄入量之间的平均分数差异为 86±26.5 个 NAPLAN 点，差异最大（95%CI：34.0-138.1；p<0.01）。含糖饮料摄入量增加与阅读、写作、语法/标点和算术成绩显著降低有关（p<0.01）。
本研究结果表明，饮食行为与较高的学业成绩有关。未来的研究应进一步探索广泛的饮食行为与儿童学业成绩之间的关系。
