Priyamvada Lalita, Hudson William, Ahmed Rafi, Wrammert Jens
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2017 May 10;6(5):e33. doi: 10.1038/emi.2017.42.
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that has recently caused extensive outbreaks in Central and South America and the Caribbean. Given its association with Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults and neurological and ocular malformities in neonates, ZIKV has become a pathogen of significant public health concern worldwide. ZIKV shares a considerable degree of genetic identity and structural homology with other flaviviruses, including dengue virus (DENV). In particular, the surface glycoprotein envelope (E), which is involved in viral fusion and entry and is therefore a chief target for neutralizing antibody responses, contains regions that are highly conserved between the two viruses. This results in immunological cross-reactivity, which in the context of prior DENV exposure, may have significant implications for the generation of immune responses to ZIKV and affect disease outcomes. Here we address the issue of humoral cross-reactivity between DENV and ZIKV, reviewing the evidence for and discussing the potential impact of this cross-recognition on the functional quality of antibody responses against ZIKV. These considerations are both timely and relevant to future vaccine design efforts, in view of the existing overlap in the distribution of ZIKV and DENV and the likely spread of ZIKV to additional DENV-naive and experienced populations.
寨卡病毒（ZIKV）是一种再次出现的蚊媒黄病毒，最近在中美洲、南美洲和加勒比地区引发了大规模疫情。鉴于其与成人吉兰-巴雷综合征以及新生儿神经和眼部畸形有关，寨卡病毒已成为全球重大公共卫生关注的病原体。寨卡病毒与包括登革病毒（DENV）在内的其他黄病毒在基因同一性和结构同源性方面有相当程度的相似。特别是，参与病毒融合和进入、因此是中和抗体反应主要靶点的表面糖蛋白包膜（E），在这两种病毒之间包含高度保守的区域。这导致免疫交叉反应性，在既往接触登革病毒的情况下，可能对寨卡病毒免疫反应的产生有重大影响，并影响疾病结局。在此，我们探讨登革病毒和寨卡病毒之间体液交叉反应性的问题，回顾相关证据并讨论这种交叉识别对寨卡病毒抗体反应功能质量的潜在影响。鉴于寨卡病毒和登革病毒分布存在重叠，且寨卡病毒可能传播到更多未曾接触过和接触过登革病毒的人群，这些考量对于未来疫苗设计工作而言既及时又重要。
