Babakhanyan Anna, Ekali Gabriel Loni, Dent Arlene, Kazura James, Nguasong John Tamo, Fodjo Barriere Airy Yetgang, Yuosembom Emile Keming, Esemu Livo Forgu, Taylor Diane Wallace, Leke Rose Gana Fomban
Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu.
Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Research, University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016 May 10;3(2):ofw092. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofw092. eCollection 2016 Apr.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection reduces placental transfer of antibodies from mother to the fetus for many antigens; however, conflicting data exist for transfer of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to malarial antigens. The mechanism(s) underlying reduced placental transfer is unknown. Levels of maternal and cord total IgG, IgG subclasses, and cord-to-mother ratios (CMRs) were measured in 107 mother-cord pairs to 3 malarial antigens: circumsporozoite protein (CSP), apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1), merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1), and tetanus toxoid C-fragment (TTc). Immunoglobulin G levels to CSP and TTc were lower in HIV+ mothers, and cord IgG to CSP, MSP-1, and TTc were significantly lower in neonates born to HIV+ mothers (all values <.05). The prevalence of mothers with hypergammaglobulinemia was significantly higher among HIV+ women (68%) compared with HIV- mothers (8%) ( < .0001). Maternal hypergammaglobulinemia was associated with reduction in transplacental transfer of antibodies to CSP ( = .03), MSP-1 ( = .004), and TTc ( = .012), and CMRs <1 were found for MSP-1 (odds ratio [OR] = 6.5), TTc (OR = 4.95), and IgG1 to CSP (OR = 3.75, = .025) in statistical models adjusted for maternal IgG. Data confirmed that HIV infections are associated with lower cord antibody levels to malarial antigens and that hypergammaglobulinemia may contribute to reduced antibody transfer.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染会减少母亲向胎儿的多种抗原抗体的胎盘转运；然而，关于免疫球蛋白G（IgG）向疟疾抗原的转运存在相互矛盾的数据。胎盘转运减少的潜在机制尚不清楚。 对107对母婴进行检测，测量母体和脐带血中总IgG、IgG亚类水平以及脐带血与母体的比例（CMR），检测对象为三种疟疾抗原：环子孢子蛋白（CSP）、顶端膜抗原1（AMA-1）、裂殖子表面蛋白1（MSP-1）以及破伤风类毒素C片段（TTc）。 HIV阳性母亲体内针对CSP和TTc的IgG水平较低，HIV阳性母亲所生新生儿体内针对CSP、MSP-1和TTc的脐带血IgG水平显著较低（所有P值<.05）。与HIV阴性母亲（8%）相比，HIV阳性女性中高丙种球蛋白血症母亲的患病率显著更高（68%）（P<.0001）。母体高丙种球蛋白血症与胎盘抗体向CSP（P=.03）、MSP-1（P=.004）和TTc（P=.012）的转运减少有关，并且在针对母体IgG进行校正的统计模型中，发现MSP-1（优势比[OR]=6.5）、TTc（OR=4.95）以及IgG1向CSP的转运（OR=3.75，P=.025）的CMR<1。 数据证实，HIV感染与新生儿脐带血中针对疟疾抗原的抗体水平较低有关，并且高丙种球蛋白血症可能导致抗体转运减少。
