注意力缺陷多动障碍：哌甲酯对工作记忆、抑制能力和心理灵活性的影响。
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the impact of methylphenidate on working memory, inhibition capacity and mental flexibility.
作者信息
Bolfer Cristiana, Pacheco Sandra Pasquali, Tsunemi Miriam Harumi, Carreira Walter Souza, Casella Beatriz Borba, Casella Erasmo Barbante
机构信息
Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo SP, Brasil.
出版信息
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2017 Apr;75(4):204-208. doi: 10.1590/0004-282X20170030.
OBJECTIVE
To compare children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), before and after the use of methylphenidate, and a control group, using tests of working memory, inhibition capacity and mental flexibility.
METHODS
Neuropsychological tests were administrated to 53 boys, 9-12 years old: the WISC-III digit span backward, and arithmetic; Stroop Color; and Trail Making Tests. The case group included 23 boys with ADHD, who were combined type, treatment-naive, and with normal intelligence without comorbidities. The control group (n = 30) were age and gender matched. After three months on methylphenidate, the ADHD children were retested. The control group was also retested after three months.
RESULTS
Before treatment, ADHD children had lower scores than the control group on the tests (p ≤ 0.001) and after methylphenidate had fewer test errors than before (p ≤ 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Methylphenidate treatment improves the working memory, inhibitory control and mental flexibility of ADHD boys.
目的
通过工作记忆、抑制能力和心理灵活性测试，比较使用哌甲酯前后的注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童与对照组。
方法
对53名9至12岁男孩进行神经心理学测试：韦氏儿童智力量表第三版（WISC-III）的倒背数字广度和算术测试；斯特鲁普颜色测试；以及连线测试。病例组包括23名未接受过治疗、智力正常且无合并症的混合型ADHD男孩。对照组（n = 30）在年龄和性别上与之匹配。使用哌甲酯三个月后，对ADHD儿童进行重新测试。对照组在三个月后也进行重新测试。
结果
治疗前，ADHD儿童在测试中的得分低于对照组（p≤0.001），使用哌甲酯后测试错误比之前减少（p≤0.001）。
结论
哌甲酯治疗可改善ADHD男孩的工作记忆、抑制控制和心理灵活性。
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