Bedard Anne-Claude, Martinussen Rhonda, Ickowicz Abel, Tannock Rosemary
Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004 Mar;43(3):260-8. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200403000-00006.
To investigate the effect of methylphenidate (MPH) on visual-spatial memory, as measured by subtests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Testing Automated Battery (CANTAB), in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Visual-spatial memory is a core component of working memory that has been shown to be impaired in ADHD, irrespective of comorbid reading and/or language problems.
A clinic-referred sample of school-age children with a confirmed DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD (n = 26) completed tests of visual-spatial memory, planning ability, and recognition memory in an acute, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with three single fixed doses of MPH. MPH effects on right-handed and left-handed motor control were also assessed.
MPH significantly improved performance on a self-ordered, updating visual-spatial working memory task and on maintenance of visual-spatial information but had no effects on measures of visual-spatial planning ability or recognition memory. Also, MPH significantly improved left-handed motor control.
Beneficial effects of MPH on visual-spatial processing in ADHD are selective and restricted to visual-spatial memory.
通过剑桥神经心理测试自动成套系统（CANTAB）的子测试，研究哌甲酯（MPH）对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童视觉空间记忆的影响。视觉空间记忆是工作记忆的核心组成部分，研究表明，无论是否合并阅读和/或语言问题，ADHD儿童的视觉空间记忆都会受损。
在一项急性、随机、安慰剂对照、交叉试验中，对确诊为DSM-IV的ADHD学龄儿童临床转诊样本（n = 26）进行视觉空间记忆、计划能力和识别记忆测试，该试验使用三种单一固定剂量的MPH。还评估了MPH对右手和左手运动控制的影响。
MPH显著改善了自我排序、更新视觉空间工作记忆任务的表现以及视觉空间信息的维持，但对视觉空间计划能力或识别记忆的测量没有影响。此外，MPH显著改善了左手运动控制。
MPH对ADHD儿童视觉空间加工的有益影响具有选择性，且仅限于视觉空间记忆。
