Mohan Andrea R M, Thomson Patricia, Leslie Stephen J, Dimova Elena, Haw Sally, McKay Janet A
Andrea R.M. Mohan, MPH PhD Researcher, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland. Patricia Thomson, PhD, RN Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland. Stephen J. Leslie, PhD, FRCP Consultant Cardiologist, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, and NHS Highland and Honorary Professor, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland. Elena Dimova, MSc PhD Researcher, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland. Sally Haw, BSc Professor of Public and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Scotland. Janet A. McKay, DNurs, RN Consultant Nurse, Cardiac Care, University Hospital Crosshouse, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Scotland.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2018 Jan/Feb;33(1):72-81. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000420.
Prisoners are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. However, primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in correctional settings has been widely neglected, and there is little information on interventions to improve the cardiovascular health of prisoners while incarcerated.
The aim of this study was to systematically review published literature to identify interventions to improve the health factors or behaviors of the cardiovascular health of prisoners during incarceration.
Selected databases were searched using terms related to prisoners and cardiovascular disease. Studies were included if they had prisoners as participants and measured outcomes of cardiovascular health. Narrative synthesis was used to organize the evidence from the studies.
Twelve articles detailing 11 studies were identified. Most of the studies involved only men. Interventions were classified into 4 types: structured physical activity, nutrition, mixed with physical activity and educational sessions, and smoking cessation. Most studies measured short-term outcomes relating to cardiovascular health such as changes in blood pressure and weight. Only 4 studies were of high quality. Structured physical activity interventions, nutrition interventions, and smoking cessation interventions delivered in a group setting had significant effects on at least 1 measured outcome. The effect of mixed interventions could not be determined.
Structured physical activity interventions, nutrition interventions, and smoking cessation interventions delivered in a group setting can improve health factors or behaviors of the cardiovascular health of prisoners during incarceration. More high-quality research is needed to increase the evidence base on the effectiveness of these interventions in the correctional setting.
囚犯受心血管疾病及其危险因素的影响尤为严重。然而，惩教机构中心血管疾病的一级预防一直被广泛忽视，关于在囚犯监禁期间改善其心血管健康的干预措施的信息也很少。
本研究旨在系统回顾已发表的文献，以确定在囚犯监禁期间改善其心血管健康的健康因素或行为的干预措施。
使用与囚犯和心血管疾病相关的术语搜索选定的数据库。如果研究以囚犯为参与者并测量心血管健康结果，则纳入该研究。采用叙述性综合法来整理研究中的证据。
共识别出12篇详细介绍11项研究的文章。大多数研究仅涉及男性。干预措施分为4种类型：结构化体育活动、营养、体育活动与教育课程相结合以及戒烟。大多数研究测量了与心血管健康相关的短期结果，如血压和体重的变化。只有4项研究质量较高。在团体环境中进行的结构化体育活动干预、营养干预和戒烟干预对至少1项测量结果有显著影响。混合干预的效果无法确定。
在团体环境中进行的结构化体育活动干预、营养干预和戒烟干预可以改善囚犯监禁期间心血管健康的健康因素或行为。需要更多高质量的研究来增加这些干预措施在惩教机构中有效性的证据基础。
