Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, Functional Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616.
Section of Sports Sciences, Lillehammer University College, 2604 Lillehammer, Norway.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2018 Jun 1;8(6):a029769. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029769.
The capacity for human exercise performance can be enhanced with prolonged exercise training, whether it is endurance- or strength-based. The ability to adapt through exercise training allows individuals to perform at the height of their sporting event and/or maintain peak physical condition throughout the life span. Our continued drive to understand how to prescribe exercise to maximize health and/or performance outcomes means that our knowledge of the adaptations that occur as a result of exercise continues to evolve. This review will focus on current and new insights into endurance and strength-training adaptations and will highlight important questions that remain as far as how we adapt to training.
无论基于耐力还是力量,长期运动训练都可以提高人类的运动表现能力。通过运动训练适应的能力使个体能够在运动赛事中发挥出最佳水平,并且/或者在整个生命周期中保持最佳身体状态。我们不断努力理解如何规定运动以最大化健康和/或表现结果,这意味着我们对运动引起的适应的认识也在不断发展。本综述将重点介绍关于耐力和力量训练适应的最新和新见解,并强调关于我们如何适应训练的一些重要问题。