Physiological parameters correlated with Tomato Mosaic Virus inducing defensive response in .

Programed cell death resembles a real nature active defense in against TMV after three days of virus infection. This adaptive plant immune response was quantitatively assessed against Tomato Mosaic Virus infection by the following physiological markers; Chlorophyll-a (mg/g), Chlorophyll-b (mg/g), total protein (mg/g), hydrogen peroxide HO (μmol/100 mg), DNA (μg/100 mg), RNA (μg100 mg), Salicylic acid (μg/g), and Comet Assays. Parameters were assessed for asymptomatic healthy and symptomatic infected detached leaves. The results indicated HO and Chlorophyll-a as the most potential parameters. Chlorophyll-a was considered the only significant predictor variant for the HO dependent variant with a value of 0.001 and -square of 0.900. The plant immune response was measured within three days of virus infection using the cutoff value of HO (⩽1.095 μmol/100 mg) and (⩽3.201 units) for the tail moment in the Comet Assay. Their percentage changes were 255.12% and 522.40% respectively which reflects the stress of virus infection in the plant. Moreover, HO showed 100% specificity and sensitivity in the symptomatic infected group using the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC). All tested parameters in the symptomatic infected group had significant correlations with twenty-five positive and thirty-one negative correlations where the value was <0.05 and 0.01. Chlorophyll-a parameter had a crucial role of highly significant correlation between total protein and salicylic acid. Contrarily, this correlation with tail moment unit was ( = -0.930,  < 0.01) where the value was <0.01. The strongest significant negative correlation was between Chlorophyll-a and HO at  < 0.01, while moderate negative significant correlation was seen for Chlorophyll-b where the value < 0.05. The present study discloses the secret of the three days of rapid transient production of activated oxygen species (AOS) that was enough for having potential quantitative physiological parameters for defensive plant response toward the virus.