Jurado-Barba Rosa, Duque Almudena, López-Trabada José Ramón, Martínez-Gras Isabel, García-Gutiérrez María Salud, Navarrete Francisco, López-Muñoz Francisco, Jiménez-Arriero Miguel Ángel, Ávila Cesar, Manzanares Jorge, Rubio Gabriel
Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i + 12), Madrid, Spain.
Camilo José Cela University , Madrid, Spain.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2017 Jun;41(6):1212-1219. doi: 10.1111/acer.13399. Epub 2017 May 11.
Previous studies demonstrated that patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) show altered startle reflex responses to alcohol-related stimuli. However, there is little information about the role of these altered responses in the development of AUDs. This study examined the startle reflex response to different visual stimuli and the role of these patterns in the development of AUDs in a 4-year follow-up.
Two hundred and thirty-nine (nondependent) heavy-drinking participants were selected. In the baseline period, the startle reflex responses to alcohol-related, aversive, appetitive, and neutral pictures were assessed. Startle reflex responses to these pictures were used as predictive variables. Status drinking (alcohol dependence and nondependence) assessed at 4-year follow-up was used as outcome measure.
At the 4-year follow-up assessment, 46% of participants fulfilled DSM-IV alcohol abuse or dependence criteria. Alcohol dependence status was predicted by an attenuated startle reflex response to alcohol-related and aversive pictures.
This study revealed that an attenuated modulation of startle reflex response to alcohol-related and aversive stimuli could be used as a clinical marker to predict the development of AUDs in participants with previous alcohol consumption.
先前的研究表明，酒精使用障碍（AUDs）患者对与酒精相关的刺激的惊跳反射反应会发生改变。然而，关于这些改变的反应在酒精使用障碍发展中的作用的信息很少。本研究在一项为期4年的随访中，考察了对不同视觉刺激的惊跳反射反应以及这些模式在酒精使用障碍发展中的作用。
选取了239名（非依赖型）重度饮酒参与者。在基线期，评估对与酒精相关、厌恶、喜好和中性图片的惊跳反射反应。对这些图片的惊跳反射反应用作预测变量。将4年随访时评估的饮酒状态（酒精依赖和非依赖）用作结果指标。
在4年随访评估时，46%的参与者符合DSM-IV酒精滥用或依赖标准。酒精依赖状态可通过对与酒精相关和厌恶图片的惊跳反射反应减弱来预测。
本研究表明，对与酒精相关和厌恶刺激的惊跳反射反应调节减弱可作为一种临床标志物，用于预测既往饮酒者发生酒精使用障碍的可能性。
