Gossner Céline M, Marrama Laurence, Carson Marianne, Allerberger Franz, Calistri Paolo, Dilaveris Dimitrios, Lecollinet Sylvie, Morgan Dilys, Nowotny Norbert, Paty Marie-Claire, Pervanidou Danai, Rizzo Caterina, Roberts Helen, Schmoll Friedrich, Van Bortel Wim, Gervelmeyer Andrea
Surveillance and Response Support Unit, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.
Animal and Plant Health Unit, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy.
Euro Surveill. 2017 May 4;22(18). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.18.30526.
This article uses the experience of five European countries to review the integrated approaches (human, animal and vector) for surveillance and monitoring of West Nile virus (WNV) at national and European levels. The epidemiological situation of West Nile fever in Europe is heterogeneous. No model of surveillance and monitoring fits all, hence this article merely encourages countries to implement the integrated approach that meets their needs. Integration of surveillance and monitoring activities conducted by the public health authorities, the animal health authorities and the authorities in charge of vector surveillance and control should improve efficiency and save resources by implementing targeted measures. The creation of a formal interagency working group is identified as a crucial step towards integration. Blood safety is a key incentive for public health authorities to allocate sufficient resources for WNV surveillance, while the facts that an effective vaccine is available for horses and that most infected animals remain asymptomatic make the disease a lesser priority for animal health authorities. The examples described here can support other European countries wishing to strengthen their WNV surveillance or preparedness, and also serve as a model for surveillance and monitoring of other (vector-borne) zoonotic infections.
本文利用五个欧洲国家的经验，回顾了在国家和欧洲层面监测西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的综合方法（包括针对人类、动物和病媒）。欧洲西尼罗河热的流行病学情况各不相同。没有一种监测模式适用于所有情况，因此本文仅鼓励各国实施符合其需求的综合方法。公共卫生当局、动物卫生当局以及负责病媒监测和控制的当局开展的监测活动进行整合，应通过实施有针对性的措施提高效率并节省资源。设立一个正式的跨部门工作组被视为实现整合的关键一步。血液安全是公共卫生当局为WNV监测分配足够资源的关键动力，而马有有效的疫苗以及大多数感染动物无症状这两个事实，使得该疾病在动物卫生当局的工作中优先级较低。此处描述的例子可为其他希望加强WNV监测或防范工作的欧洲国家提供支持，也可作为监测和监控其他（病媒传播）人畜共患感染的范例。
