Sandvall Brinkley K, Jacobson Lauren, Miller Erin A, Dodge Ryan E, Alex Quistberg D, Rowhani-Rahbar Ali, Vavilala Monica S, Friedrich Jeffrey B, Keys Kari A
Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Am J Emerg Med. 2017 Oct;35(10):1469-1473. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2017.04.053. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
There is a paucity of clinical data on severe fireworks-related injuries, and the relationship between firework types, injury patterns, and magnitude of impairment is not well understood. Our objective was to describe the relationship between fireworks type, injury patterns, and impairment.
Retrospective case series (2005-2015) of patients who sustained consumer fireworks-related injuries requiring hospital admission and/or an operation at a Level 1 Trauma/Burn Center. Fireworks types, injury patterns (body region, injury type), operation, and permanent impairment were examined.
Data from 294 patients 1 to 61years of age (mean 24years) were examined. The majority (90%) were male. 119 (40%) patients were admitted who did not undergo surgery, 163 (55%) patients required both admission and surgery, and 12 (5%) patients underwent outpatient surgery. The greatest proportion of injuries was related to shells/mortars (39%). There were proportionally more rocket injuries in children (44%), more homemade firework injuries in teens (34%), and more shell/mortar injuries in adults (86%). Brain, face, and hand injuries were disproportionately represented in the shells/mortars group. Seventy percent of globe-injured patients experienced partial or complete permanent vision loss. Thirty-seven percent of hand-injured patients required at least one partial or whole finger/hand amputation. The greatest proportion of eye and hand injuries resulting in permanent impairment was in the shells/mortars group, followed by homemade fireworks. Two patients died.
Severe fireworks-related injuries from homemade fireworks and shells/mortars have specific injury patterns. Shells/mortars disproportionately cause permanent impairment from eye and hand injury.
关于严重烟花相关损伤的临床数据匮乏，烟花类型、损伤模式与损伤严重程度之间的关系尚不清楚。我们的目的是描述烟花类型、损伤模式与损伤严重程度之间的关系。
对2005年至2015年期间在一级创伤/烧伤中心因消费类烟花相关损伤而需要住院和/或手术的患者进行回顾性病例系列研究。研究了烟花类型、损伤模式（身体部位、损伤类型）、手术情况和永久性损伤。
对294例年龄在1至61岁（平均24岁）的患者数据进行了分析。大多数（90%）为男性。119例（40%）患者入院但未接受手术，163例（55%）患者既需要入院又需要手术，12例（5%）患者接受了门诊手术。受伤比例最高的是礼花弹/烟花弹（39%）。儿童中火箭烟花致伤比例相对较高（44%），青少年中自制烟花致伤比例相对较高（34%），成人中礼花弹/烟花弹致伤比例相对较高（86%）。礼花弹/烟花弹组中脑、面部和手部损伤的比例过高。70%的眼球受伤患者出现部分或完全永久性视力丧失。37%的手部受伤患者至少需要进行一次部分或全手指/手部截肢。导致永久性损伤的眼和手部损伤比例最高的是礼花弹/烟花弹组，其次是自制烟花。两名患者死亡。
自制烟花和礼花弹/烟花弹造成的严重烟花相关损伤有特定的损伤模式。礼花弹/烟花弹导致眼和手部损伤造成永久性损伤的比例过高。
