Framme C, Book B, Hufendiek K, Panidou-Marschelke E, Sinicin E, Lindziute M, Rauscher J, Hamann M, Agostini H, Gabel-Pfisterer A
Universitäts-Augenklinik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30652, Hannover, Deutschland.
Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg im Breisgau, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologie. 2024 Jan;121(1):27-35. doi: 10.1007/s00347-023-01927-0. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
The handling of fireworks regularly leads to a variety of injuries affecting the periocular region. Due to the COVID-19 lockdown and a sales ban on consumer fireworks for the private sector the number of injuries massively decreased; however, a considerable increase was registered again at the last New Year festivities. The aim of this work was to present the extent and spectrum of such injuries in a maximum care center.
As part of the nationwide survey of firework-associated eye injuries in emergency care eye clinics and hospitals, data from the MHH Eye Hospital in Hannover were compiled over the period of 3 days (30.12.2022-01.01.2023) and evaluated with respect to gender, age, severity, injury pattern, type of fireworks and treatment.
Of a total of n = 25 injured patients, n = 19 (76%) were male. Most patients presented on New Year's Day (n = 14, New Year's Eve: n = 9; 30.12.2022: n = 2), with the majority of cases presenting with mild injuries with irritation and erosion of the ocular surface (n = 15; 60%). Of the patients four sustained moderate to severe injuries with bulbar contusion, hyphema, and sometimes iris base tears (16%). Of the patients six suffered severe, mainly open, eye injuries (24%), two of which required primary evisceration. Ignition of fireworks batteries revealed the highest risk of serious injury, affecting mainly males 31-40 years of age. Children up to 12 years of age generally sustained only minor injuries, although there were exceptions as there were among adolescents. The person who caused the fireworks injury was affected in about 52% of the cases; in 48% the victim of the accident was a bystander. In cases of complex injuries, under certain conditions only surgical exploratory diagnostics could lead to the correct diagnosis and best possible care.
The extent of firework injuries is manifold and the consequences including blindness are considerable. The burden on physicians on duty on New Year's Eve and New Year's Day was enormous, as with the permission of private fireworks a large number of patients had to be cared for via the emergency room, some of whom required complex surgical care. To prevent serious eye injuries, targeted education about the risks of private fireworks and possibilities to increase safety should be intensified.
烟花燃放常常导致各种影响眼周区域的损伤。由于新冠疫情封锁以及对私营部门消费烟花的销售禁令，此类损伤数量大幅下降；然而，在上次新年庆祝活动期间又出现了显著增长。本研究旨在呈现一家特级护理中心此类损伤的程度和范围。
作为全国范围内急救眼科诊所和医院烟花相关眼外伤调查的一部分，收集了汉诺威医学院眼科医院在3天（2022年12月30日至2023年1月1日）期间的数据，并就性别、年龄、严重程度、损伤类型、烟花种类和治疗情况进行了评估。
在总共25名受伤患者中，19名（76%）为男性。大多数患者在元旦就诊（14名，新年前夜：9名；2022年12月30日：2名），大多数病例为轻度损伤，表现为眼表刺激和糜烂（15名；60%）。4名患者遭受中度至重度损伤，伴有眼球钝挫伤、前房积血，有时还有虹膜根部撕裂（16%）。6名患者遭受严重的、主要为开放性的眼部损伤（24%），其中2名需要一期眼球摘除术。烟花电池点火造成严重损伤的风险最高，主要影响31至40岁的男性。12岁以下儿童通常仅受轻伤，不过也有例外，青少年中也有此类情况。约52%的病例中，造成烟花损伤的是当事人；48%的事故受害者是旁观者。在复杂损伤的情况下，在某些条件下只有手术探查诊断才能得出正确诊断并给予最佳治疗。
烟花损伤的程度多种多样，其后果包括失明，相当严重。新年前夜和元旦值班医生的负担巨大，因为私人烟花解禁后，大量患者必须通过急诊室进行治疗，其中一些患者需要复杂的手术治疗。为预防严重眼外伤，应加强关于私人烟花风险和提高安全性方法的针对性教育。
