Iranshahy Milad, Javadi Behjat, Iranshahi Mehrdad, Jahanbakhsh Seyedeh Pardis, Mahyari Saman, Hassani Faezeh Vahdati, Karimi Gholamreza
Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2017 Jun 9;205:158-172. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.05.004. Epub 2017 May 8.
Portulaca oleracea L. is a widespread medicinal plant that is used not only as an edible plant, but also as a traditional medicine for alleviating a wide spectrum of diseases. It is a well-known plant in the European Traditional Medicine. PA is mentioned by Dioscorides (40-90 CE), with the name of "andrachne".
In this study, we provide detailed information on botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological uses, pharmacokinetics and safety of P. oleracea.
An extensive search on electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, conference papers, local herbal encyclopedias, articles, books (in English, French, Arabic, Persian, etc.) and also a number of unpublished handwritten manuscripts was done to find articles have been published between 1956 and 2015 on pharmacology and phytochemistry of P. oleracea.
P. oleracea has been addressed in De Materia Medica as an astringent, and a remedy for headaches, inflammation of the eyes and other organs, burning of the stomach, erysipela, disorders of the bladder, numbness of the teeth, excessive sexual desire, burning fevers, worms, dysentery, hemorrhoids, eruptions of blood, and bites. Phytochemical investigations revealed that this plant a wide range of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and organic acids. The most important pharmacological activities are renoprotective activities and effects on metabolism. P. oleracea could successfully decrease blood glucose and lipid profile of patients with metabolic syndrome. The safety of P. oleracea has been reported in many clinical trials.
Modern pharmacological studies have now proven many traditional uses of P. oleracea, including anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic, renoprotective and hepatoprotective effects. In addition, in many clinical trials P. oleracea showed no adverse effects and constipation was reported as the most frequent adverse effect.
马齿苋是一种广泛分布的药用植物，不仅用作可食用植物，还作为治疗多种疾病的传统药物。它是欧洲传统医学中一种知名的植物。迪奥斯科里季斯（公元40 - 90年）提到过马齿苋，其名称为“andrachne”。
在本研究中，我们提供了马齿苋的植物学、传统用途、植物化学、药理用途、药代动力学和安全性的详细信息。
在包括PubMed、科学网、谷歌学术、ScienceDirect、Scopus、会议论文、当地草药百科全书、文章、书籍（英文、法文、阿拉伯文、波斯文等）以及一些未发表的手写稿在内的电子数据库中进行广泛搜索，以查找1956年至2015年间发表的关于马齿苋药理学和植物化学的文章。
《药物学》中将马齿苋记载为具有收敛作用，可用于治疗头痛、眼部及其他器官炎症、胃部灼痛、丹毒、膀胱疾病、牙齿麻木、性欲亢进、发热、寄生虫、痢疾、痔疮、出血疹和咬伤等。植物化学研究表明，该植物含有多种次生代谢产物，包括生物碱、萜类、黄酮类和有机酸。最重要的药理活性是肾脏保护活性和对代谢的影响。马齿苋能够成功降低代谢综合征患者的血糖和血脂水平。许多临床试验报道了马齿苋的安全性。
现代药理学研究现已证实马齿苋具有许多传统用途，包括降血糖、降血脂、肾脏保护和肝脏保护作用。此外，在许多临床试验中马齿苋未显示出不良反应，并报道便秘是最常见的不良反应。
