University of Southern California.
J Res Adolesc. 2017 Mar;27(1):34-48. doi: 10.1111/jora.12250. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
This longitudinal study investigated how past versus current life stresses relate to adolescents' cortisol awakening response (CAR), an index of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity. Ninety-nine adolescents reported previous year life stress at ages 12 and 18. At the second assessment, participants also provided self-reports of parent and peer attachment and 3 days of cortisol samples. Current stress was associated with heightened CAR for both males and females, whereas past stress was associated with attenuated CAR for males. Attachment to peers buffered the relationship between past stress and attenuated CAR for all adolescents; attachment to parents was a buffer for male adolescents only. Results demonstrate the protective roles of adolescent relationships and highlight sex differences in biopsychosocial development across adolescence.
本纵向研究调查了过去和当前的生活压力如何与青少年的皮质醇觉醒反应 (CAR) 相关，后者是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺活动的一个指标。99 名青少年在 12 岁和 18 岁时报告了前一年的生活压力。在第二次评估时，参与者还提供了父母和同伴依恋的自我报告以及 3 天的皮质醇样本。当前的压力与男性和女性的 CAR 升高有关，而过去的压力与男性的 CAR 减弱有关。同伴依恋缓冲了过去压力与所有青少年的 CAR 减弱之间的关系；父母的依恋仅对男青少年有缓冲作用。研究结果表明，青少年关系具有保护作用，并强调了青春期生物心理社会发展的性别差异。
