Paul Sourabh, Mahajan Preetam B, Sahoo Jyotiranjan, Bhatia Vikas, Subba Sonu H
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 May;96(5):1215-1221. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0593.
AbstractMumps, a highly contagious, viral disease continues to spread in India, despite the availability of an effective vaccine. On November 24, 2014, we came across a suspected case of mumps in a 6-year-old boy in a village of Bhusandapur sector in Odisha. We initiated an outbreak investigation using standard techniques outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. This uncovered a silent epidemic of 94 case patients (10% of the population) over a period of 16 weeks between August and December 2014, in a single village, which had gone completely unnoticed by the existing health-care system. Since the index case was one of the last case patients of the outbreak, investigation for immediate control was not a priority. Hence, we have used this exercise to describe the outbreak and identify causes that led to its nondetection. Age range of the case patients was between 2 and 40 years; 85 (90.4%) case patients were ≤ 15 years of age and 54 (57.4%) were females. Average duration of illness was 9 days. No child had received the mumps vaccine. The outbreak had led to a community expenditure of 538 USD. The exercise uncovered a number of weak links in the essential public health services within the health-care delivery system in the area.
腮腺炎是一种具有高度传染性的病毒性疾病，尽管有有效的疫苗，但在印度仍持续传播。2014年11月24日，我们在奥里萨邦布桑达布尔区一个村庄遇到一名6岁男孩疑似感染腮腺炎的病例。我们采用了佐治亚州亚特兰大疾病控制与预防中心概述的标准技术展开疫情调查。调查发现，在2014年8月至12月的16周内，在一个村庄里出现了一场未被察觉的疫情，有94名病例患者（占人口的10%），而现有的医疗体系完全没有注意到。由于首例病例是此次疫情的最后一批病例之一，因此立即控制疫情的调查并非优先事项。所以，我们利用此次调查来描述疫情情况，并找出导致疫情未被发现的原因。病例患者的年龄范围在2岁至40岁之间；85名（90.4%）病例患者年龄≤15岁，54名（57.4%）为女性。平均病程为9天。没有儿童接种过腮腺炎疫苗。此次疫情导致社区支出538美元。调查发现该地区医疗服务体系中基本公共卫生服务存在一些薄弱环节。
