Kim Joseph W, Luo John Z, Luo Luguang
Department of Internal Medicine, Roger Williams Hospital, Boston University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA.
Doctor's Choice LLC, Warwick, RI, USA.
J Bioanal Biomed. 2015 Dec;7(6). doi: 10.4172/1948-593X.1000e133. Epub 2015 Dec 11.
Diabetes mellitus is a disease that poses a burden to the health care system due to its prevalence and chronic nature. Understanding β cell pathophysiology may lead to future therapeutic options for diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. MicroRNAs (MiR) fine-tune β cell biochemical cascades through specific protein targets. This review argues that miRs may play a critical role in human islet β cell biology and are potential candidates for a new pharmacological strategy. We have reviewed and presented how miRs fine tune four biochemical cascades in islet β cells: glucose stimulated insulin secretion, β cell replication, apoptosis, and development. Only studies that examine human pancreatic islets either or are included. The unveiling role of miR pathways in regulating human islet β cell biology could open the door for diagnostic and therapeutic methods for diabetes mellitus prevention and therapy.
糖尿病是一种因其普遍性和慢性性质而给医疗保健系统带来负担的疾病。了解β细胞病理生理学可能会为1型和2型糖尿病带来未来的治疗选择。微小RNA（miR）通过特定的蛋白质靶点微调β细胞生化级联反应。本综述认为，miR可能在人类胰岛β细胞生物学中发挥关键作用，并且是新药物策略的潜在候选者。我们回顾并阐述了miR如何微调胰岛β细胞中的四个生化级联反应：葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌、β细胞复制、凋亡和发育。仅纳入研究人类胰腺胰岛的研究。miR通路在调节人类胰岛β细胞生物学中的作用的揭示可能为糖尿病预防和治疗的诊断及治疗方法打开大门。
