Wei Liuqing, Zhang Xuemin, Lyu Chuang, Hu Siyuan, Li Zhen
School of Psychology, Beijing Key Lab of Applied Experimental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
State Key Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2017 May 15;12(5):e0177709. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177709. eCollection 2017.
Using Multiple Identity Tracking task and the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology, the present study aimed to isolate and visualize the functional anatomy of neural systems involved in the semantic category-based grouping process. Three experiment conditions were selected and compared: the category-based targets grouping (TG) condition, the targets-distractors grouping (TDG) condition and the homogenous condition. In the TG condition, observers could utilize the categorical distinction between targets and distractors, to construct a uniform presentation of targets, that is, to form a group of the targets to facilitate tracking. In the TDG condition, half the targets and half the distractors belonged to the same category. Observers had to inhibit the grouping of targets and distractors in one category to complete tracking. In the homogenous condition, where targets and distractors consisted of the same objects, no grouping could be formed. The "TG-Homogenous" contrast (p<0.01) revealed the activation of the left fusiform and the pars triangularis of inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). The "TG-TDG" contrast only revealed the activation of the left anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC). The fusiform and IFG pars triangularis might participate in the representation of semantic knowledge, IFG pars triangularis might relate intensely with the classification of semantic categories. The ACC might be responsible for the initiation and maintenance of grouping representation.
本研究采用多重身份追踪任务和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）技术，旨在分离并可视化基于语义类别的分组过程中涉及的神经系统功能解剖结构。选取并比较了三种实验条件：基于类别的目标分组（TG）条件、目标-干扰项分组（TDG）条件和同质条件。在TG条件下，观察者可以利用目标与干扰项之间的类别差异，构建目标的统一呈现，即形成一组目标以方便追踪。在TDG条件下，一半的目标和一半的干扰项属于同一类别。观察者必须抑制同一类别中目标与干扰项的分组才能完成追踪。在同质条件下，目标和干扰项由相同的物体组成，无法形成分组。“TG-同质”对比（p<0.01）显示左侧梭状回和额下回三角部（IFG）激活。“TG-TDG”对比仅显示左侧前扣带回（ACC）激活。梭状回和IFG三角部可能参与语义知识的表征，IFG三角部可能与语义类别的分类密切相关。ACC可能负责分组表征的启动和维持。
