Wolfson Centre for Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
Wolfson Centre for Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, United Kingdom.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Sep;80:185-200. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.008. Epub 2017 May 12.
Disgust is a multifaceted experience that might affect several aspects of life. Here, we reviewed research on neurological and psychiatric disorders that are characterized by abnormal disgust processing to test the hypothesis of a shared neurocognitive architecture in the representation of three disgust domains: i) personal experience of 'core disgust'; ii) social disgust, i.e., sensitivity to others' expressions of disgust; iii) moral disgust, i.e., sensitivity to ethical violations. Our review provides some support to the shared neurocognitive hypothesis and suggests that the insula might be the "hub" structure linking the three domains of disgust sensitivity, while other brain regions may subserve specific facets of the multidimensional experience. Our review also suggests a role of serotonin core and moral disgust, supporting "neo-sentimentalist" theories of morality, which posit a causal role of affect in moral judgment.
厌恶是一种多方面的体验，可能会影响生活的多个方面。在这里，我们回顾了神经和精神障碍方面的研究，这些研究的特点是厌恶处理异常，以检验在代表三个厌恶领域的神经认知结构中存在共同性的假设：i）个人“核心厌恶”体验；ii）社会厌恶，即对他人厌恶表情的敏感性；iii）道德厌恶，即对道德违规的敏感性。我们的综述为共同的神经认知假设提供了一些支持，并表明脑岛可能是连接厌恶敏感性三个领域的“枢纽”结构，而其他大脑区域可能是多维体验的特定方面。我们的综述还表明，核心厌恶和道德厌恶与 5-羟色胺有关，这支持了道德的“新情感主义”理论，该理论认为情感在道德判断中起因果作用。
