Tsiplakou E, Mitsiopoulou C, Mavrommatis A, Karaiskou C, Chronopoulou E G, Mavridis G, Sotirakoglou K, Labrou N E, Zervas G
Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2018 Feb;102(1):e288-e298. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12741. Epub 2017 May 15.
Twenty-four dairy sheep and goats, respectively, were assigned each to three homogenous subgroups per animal species and fed the same diet in quantities which met 70% (underfeeding), 100% (control) and 130% (overfeeding) of their energy and crude protein requirements. The results showed that the underfed sheep in comparison with the control had significantly lower glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and total antioxidant capacity (measured with Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma [FRAP] assay) in their blood plasma. A significant increase in the glutathione transferase (GST) and GPX activities, malondialdehyde content and total antioxidant capacity (measured with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) [ABTS] assay) in the blood plasma of underfed goats compared with controls was observed, while the opposite happened for the GR and SOD activities. The underfeeding in both animal species caused a significant increase in the protein carbonyls (PC) content of their blood plasma. The overfeeding, compared with the control, caused a significant decline in the GPX activity and total antioxidant capacity (measured with FRAP) in the blood plasma of sheep while the opposite happened for the GPX and GST activities in the case of goats. The overfed animals, of both species, compared with the respective controls, had higher PC content in their blood plasma. The feeding level had no noticeable impact on the antioxidants' enzymes activities of milk in both animal species. Moreover, the underfeeding in the blood plasma and the overfeeding in milk of both animal species resulted into a significant increase in the PC content. Finally, only in sheep milk, the underfeeding, compared with the respective control, and overfeeding reduced significantly the total antioxidant capacity (measured with ABTS). The feeding level caused oxidative stress in both organism and milk but the response was different in animal species and needs further investigation.
分别选取24只奶羊和24只奶山羊，每种动物按照同质原则分为三个亚组，分别饲喂满足其能量和粗蛋白需求70%（喂食不足）、100%（对照）和130%（喂食过量）的相同日粮。结果表明，与对照组相比，喂食不足的奶羊血浆中谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）活性以及总抗氧化能力（用血浆铁还原能力[FRAP]测定法测定）显著降低。与对照组相比，喂食不足的奶山羊血浆中谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）和GPX活性、丙二醛含量以及总抗氧化能力（用2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）[ABTS]测定法测定）显著增加，而GR和SOD活性则相反。两种动物喂食不足均导致其血浆中蛋白质羰基（PC）含量显著增加。与对照组相比，喂食过量导致奶羊血浆中GPX活性和总抗氧化能力（用FRAP测定）显著下降，而奶山羊的GPX和GST活性则相反。与各自的对照组相比，两种动物喂食过量后血浆中PC含量更高。喂食水平对两种动物乳汁中抗氧化酶活性没有显著影响。此外，两种动物血浆中喂食不足和乳汁中喂食过量均导致PC含量显著增加。最后，仅在羊奶中观察到，与各自的对照组相比，喂食不足和喂食过量均显著降低了总抗氧化能力（用ABTS测定）。喂食水平在机体和乳汁中均引起了氧化应激，但不同动物物种的反应不同，需要进一步研究。
