Tsiplakou E, Chatzikonstantinou M, Mitsiopoulou C, Karaiskou C, Mavrommatis A, Sotirakoglou K, Labrou N, Zervas G
Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2017 Aug;101(4):733-742. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12516. Epub 2016 Apr 3.
This study investigated the effects of dietary inclusion of soya bean oil combined with fish oil (SFO) on the activities of a) superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and glutathione transferase (GST) in blood plasma and b) SOD, GR, CAT and lactoperoxidase (LPO) in the milk of sheep and goats. Furthermore, the oxidative stress indicators for measuring total antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity [ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays] and oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC)] were also determined in the blood plasma and milk of the animals. For this purpose, twelve dairy sheep and twelve dairy goats were assigned each to two homogenous subgroups. Treatments in both animal species involved a control diet without added oil and a diet supplemented with 5% soya bean oil and 1% fish oil. The results showed that the inclusion of SFO in the diets of sheep and goats increased significantly the activities of CAT and GR in their blood plasma. The same effect was observed for the activities of GST and FRAP in the blood plasma of goats. Moreover, the fact that the goats had significantly higher average daily PUFA intake (3.62 g/kg BW ) compared to sheep (2.51 g/kg BW ) resulted in an enhancement in the MDA content in their plasma. A significant increase in CAT activity in the milk in both animal species fed with SFO diets was also found. Finally, due to the higher apparent transfer rate of n-3 FA from the diet to the milk in sheep, the PC concentrations were found to be enhanced in their plasma and milk. In conclusion, the impact of dietary SFO supplementation on the oxidative status of body and/or on the milk of small ruminants depends not only on the daily PUFA intake, but also on the amount of n-3 FA that reach their milk.
本研究调查了日粮中添加大豆油与鱼油组合（SFO）对绵羊和山羊的以下影响：a）血浆中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）的活性；b）乳中SOD、GR、CAT和乳过氧化物酶（LPO）的活性。此外，还测定了动物血浆和乳中用于衡量总抗氧化活性和自由基清除活性的氧化应激指标[血浆铁还原能力（FRAP）和2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）测定法]以及氧化应激生物标志物[丙二醛（MDA）和蛋白质羰基（PC）]。为此，将12只奶绵羊和12只奶山羊各分为两个同质亚组。两种动物的处理方式均包括不添加油的对照日粮和添加5%大豆油与1%鱼油的日粮。结果表明，在绵羊和山羊日粮中添加SFO显著提高了它们血浆中CAT和GR的活性。山羊血浆中GST的活性和FRAP也有同样的效果。此外，山羊的平均每日多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量（3.62 g/kg体重）显著高于绵羊（2.51 g/kg体重），这导致其血浆中MDA含量增加。在饲喂SFO日粮的两种动物的乳中，CAT活性也显著增加。最后，由于绵羊日粮中n-3脂肪酸向乳中的表观转移率较高，其血浆和乳中的PC浓度均有所增加。总之，日粮添加SFO对小型反刍动物身体氧化状态和/或乳的影响不仅取决于每日多不饱和脂肪酸摄入量，还取决于进入其乳中的n-3脂肪酸量。
