Rao Ashit, Cölfen Helmut
Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany.
Biophys Rev. 2016 Dec;8(4):309-329. doi: 10.1007/s12551-016-0228-4. Epub 2016 Nov 21.
Understanding how ions, ion-clusters and particles behave in non-ideal environments is a fundamental question concerning planetary to atomic scales. For biomineralization phenomena wherein diverse inorganic and organic ingredients are present in biological media, attributing biomaterial composition and structure to the chemistry of singular additives may not provide a holistic view of the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we specifically address the consequences of physico-chemical non-ideality on mineral formation. Influences of different forms of non-ideality such as macromolecular crowding, confinement and liquid-like organic phases on mineral nucleation and crystallization in biological environments are presented. Novel prospects for the additive-controlled nucleation and crystallization are accessible from this biophysical view. In this manner, we show that non-ideal conditions significantly affect the form, structure and composition of biogenic and biomimetic minerals.
理解离子、离子簇和粒子在非理想环境中的行为是一个涉及从行星尺度到原子尺度的基本问题。对于生物矿化现象，即在生物介质中存在多种无机和有机成分的情况下，将生物材料的组成和结构归因于单一添加剂的化学性质可能无法提供对潜在机制的全面看法。因此，在本综述中，我们专门探讨物理化学非理想性对矿物形成的影响。介绍了不同形式的非理想性，如大分子拥挤、限制和类液相有机相对生物环境中矿物成核和结晶的影响。从这种生物物理观点可以获得添加剂控制成核和结晶的新前景。通过这种方式，我们表明非理想条件会显著影响生物源和仿生矿物的形态、结构和组成。
