Hanulová Mária, Weiss Matthias
Experimental Physics I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
Biophys Rev. 2012 Jun;4(2):117-124. doi: 10.1007/s12551-012-0069-8. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
Sorting of membrane proteins is of vital importance for living cells. Indeed, roughly one-third of a eukaryotic cell's proteome consists of peripheral and transmembrane proteins. These need to be properly distributed and dynamically maintained at distinct locations in the compartmentalized cell, and one may wonder how proteins determine where, when, and how to travel to reach a specific organelle. While specific binary interactions between proteins have been invoked in explaining the trafficking and sorting processes, a more active role of lipids in this context has become visible in recent years. In particular, membrane-mediated interactions have been suggested to serve as a robust physicochemical mechanism to facilitate protein sorting. Here, we will review some recent insights into these aspects.
膜蛋白的分选对活细胞至关重要。实际上，真核细胞蛋白质组中约三分之一由外周蛋白和跨膜蛋白组成。这些蛋白需要在细胞的不同区域进行正确分布并动态维持，人们可能会好奇蛋白质如何确定何时、何地以及如何运输以到达特定细胞器。虽然蛋白质之间特定的二元相互作用已被用于解释运输和分选过程，但近年来脂质在这方面的更积极作用已显现出来。特别是，膜介导的相互作用被认为是促进蛋白质分选的一种强大的物理化学机制。在这里，我们将回顾关于这些方面的一些最新见解。
