Lin Ching-Su, Chou Tsuan-Ling, Wu Jiunn-Tzong
Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, 1, Roosevelt Road Section 4, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128, Academia Road Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
Bot Stud. 2013 Dec;54(1):41. doi: 10.1186/1999-3110-54-41. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
Very little information is available about soil algae in Taiwan. In this study, we investigated for the first time the soil algae inhabiting five types of farmland in mid-Taiwan: rice paddies, vegetable farms, tea plantations, sugar cane farms, and orchards.
Sixty-four taxa belonging to 33 genera of cyanobacteria, diatoms, green algae, and euglenoids were identified on the basis of fine structures observed under optical and electron microscopes and rDNA sequencing. The majority of the isolates were of the genera Oscillatoria, Navicula, Nitzschia, and Pinnularia. Five species were reported for the first time in Taiwan, namely Microcoleus paludosus, M. subtorulosus, Navicula subminuscula, Nitzschia levidensis, and Ni. pusilla.
The distribution and diversity of these species was shown to be strongly dependent on habitat, with the highest diversity of green algae in the orchards, a fairly high diversity of diatoms and cyanobacteria in the rice paddies, and a relatively low diversity in the tea plantations and sugar cane farms. The humidity and acidity were the most important environmental factors influencing the diversity of soil algae in these farmlands.
关于台湾土壤藻类的信息非常少。在本研究中，我们首次调查了台湾中部五种农田类型中的土壤藻类：稻田、蔬菜农场、茶园、甘蔗农场和果园。
根据光学显微镜和电子显微镜下观察到的精细结构以及rDNA测序，鉴定出属于蓝藻、硅藻、绿藻和裸藻33个属的64个分类单元。大多数分离物属于颤藻属、舟形藻属、菱形藻属和平藻属。有五个物种首次在台湾被报道，即沼泽微鞘藻、近曲微鞘藻、微小舟形藻、平滑菱形藻和微小菱形藻。
这些物种的分布和多样性强烈依赖于栖息地，果园中绿藻的多样性最高，稻田中硅藻和蓝藻的多样性相当高，而茶园和甘蔗农场中的多样性相对较低。湿度和酸度是影响这些农田土壤藻类多样性的最重要环境因素。
