Orlak Katarzyna, Tylka Jan
Stowarzyszenie Zdrowa Praca / Association for Occupational Health, Warszawa, Poland.
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie / Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland (Instytut Psychologii / Institute of Psychology).
Med Pr. 2017 May 16;68(3):375-390. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.00522. Epub 2017 May 9.
The aim of this paper was to examine how temperament might moderate the health impact of psychosocial hazards at work and thus to attempt to identify the temperament risk factor in the judiciary staff.
The data were collected from 355 court employees, including judges, judicial assistants, court clerks and service workers from criminal, civil, commercial as well as from labor and social insurance divisions. The psychosocial work environment was measured with the Psychosocial Working Conditions Questionnaire by Cieślak and Widerszal-Bazyl, temperament with Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory adopted by Hornowska and employee health status was screened with Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire- 28 (GHQ-28) adopted by Makowska and Merecz. The health impact of job strain with moderating effects of temperament traits was estimated with logistic regression (forward stepwise selection based on the likelihood ratio for the model).
The analyses confirmed the moderating role of temperament in the health consequences of work-related stress. High score in novelty seeking was identified as independent temperament risk factor for mental health disturbances in judiciary staff facing at least medium job demands. The job control was a protective factor while relative risk of negative health outcomes was also elevated due to female gender.
Temperament may control sensitivity to the environmental exposure to psychosocial hazards at work and its health consequences. Further research is needed to explore and understand better the moderating role of temperament in the relation between job stress (strain) and health in different vocational groups and workplaces. Med Pr 2017;68(3):375-390.
本文旨在研究气质如何调节工作中心理社会危害对健康的影响，从而试图确定司法人员的气质风险因素。
数据收集自355名法院工作人员，包括法官、司法助理、书记员以及刑事、民事、商业、劳动和社会保险部门的服务人员。采用Cieślak和Widerszal-Bazyl编制的《心理社会工作条件问卷》测量心理社会工作环境，采用Hornowska改编的Cloninger气质与性格量表测量气质，采用Makowska和Merecz采用的Goldberg一般健康问卷-28（GHQ-28）筛查员工健康状况。采用逻辑回归（基于模型似然比的向前逐步选择）估计气质特征调节作用下工作压力对健康的影响。
分析证实了气质在工作相关压力对健康影响方面的调节作用。寻求新奇得分高被确定为面临至少中等工作要求的司法人员心理健康障碍的独立气质风险因素。工作控制是一个保护因素，而女性性别也会增加负面健康结果的相对风险。
气质可能控制对工作中心理社会危害环境暴露的敏感性及其健康后果。需要进一步研究，以更好地探索和理解气质在不同职业群体和工作场所的工作压力（紧张）与健康关系中的调节作用。《医学实践》2017年；68(3):375 - 390。
