School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
School of Education, Culture and Communication, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
J Clin Nurs. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):235-246. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13878. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
To describe young children's demonstrated participation in healthcare situations while using an interactive communication tool.
Participation is a multidimensional concept influenced by situational and contextual issues. In child participation, verbal and nonverbal communicative expressions are of interest, as both demonstrate the child's perspective. Children have a right to participate in all situations that matter to them, for instance healthcare situations. Children, understood as social actors, express a wish and a need to participate in these situations to get information and to enable preparation.
DESIGN/METHOD: In a pilot study, video observations were used to capture the children's use of the interactive communication tool in healthcare situations. A hermeneutic analysis was conducted to achieve a deeper understanding of the children's demonstrated cues of participation.
The expressed cues of participation were understood as having either a curious, thoughtful or affirmative meaning of participation and there was a continuous movement between them. Curious cues were expressed when introducing or reintroducing the tool in the situation and demonstrated a wish to get knowledge of the things shown on the screen or to perform the virtual tasks. Thoughtful cues slowed down the progression of the situation when the children needed time to think or adapt to the virtual procedures. Affirmative cues were self-rewarding and demonstrated at successful task performance.
An interactive communication tool used in healthcare situations can promote young children's understanding and facilitate their situated participation, which potentially reduces feelings of distress or anxiety. This innovative use of interactive technology within paediatric health care provides new ways of revealing the child's perspective in the situation.
Interactive technology improves understanding and participation of children in healthcare situations, which impact them positively, both in the present and for the future. A communication tool enhances professionals' opportunities to adopt a child-centred approach by responding sensitively to the children's expressions.
描述幼儿在使用互动交流工具时在医疗保健情境中的表现性参与。
参与是一个受情境和背景问题影响的多维概念。在儿童参与中，言语和非言语交际表达都很重要，因为两者都展示了儿童的观点。儿童有权参与对他们重要的所有情境，例如医疗保健情境。儿童作为社会行为者，表达了参与这些情境的愿望和需求，以获取信息并为参与做准备。
设计/方法：在一项试点研究中，使用视频观察来捕捉儿童在医疗保健情境中使用互动交流工具的情况。采用解释学分析方法来深入理解儿童表现出的参与线索。
表现出的参与线索被理解为具有好奇、深思熟虑或肯定的参与意义，并且它们之间存在着持续的变化。在介绍或重新引入工具时，表现出好奇的线索，表现出对屏幕上显示的内容或虚拟任务的知识的渴望。深思熟虑的线索在儿童需要时间思考或适应虚拟程序时会减缓情境的进展。肯定的线索是自我奖励的，并在成功完成任务时表现出来。
在医疗保健情境中使用的互动交流工具可以促进幼儿的理解并促进他们的情境参与，从而潜在地减少他们的痛苦或焦虑感。这种在儿科保健中创新使用互动技术为揭示儿童在情境中的观点提供了新的途径。
互动技术提高了儿童在医疗保健情境中的理解和参与度，对他们的现在和未来都产生了积极的影响。交流工具增强了专业人员通过对儿童表达做出敏感反应来采用以儿童为中心的方法的机会。
