Ayukekbong James A, Ntemgwa Michel, Atabe Andrew N
Section for Clinical Microbiology, Redeem Biomedical, P.O. Box 16, Buea, Cameroon.
Metabiota Inc., Nanaimo, BC Canada.
Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2017 May 15;6:47. doi: 10.1186/s13756-017-0208-x. eCollection 2017.
The causes of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in developing countries are complex and may be rooted in practices of health care professionals and patients' behavior towards the use of antimicrobials as well as supply chains of antimicrobials in the population. Some of these factors may include inappropriate prescription practices, inadequate patient education, limited diagnostic facilities, unauthorized sale of antimicrobials, lack of appropriate functioning drug regulatory mechanisms, and non-human use of antimicrobials such as in animal production. Considering that these factors in developing countries may vary from those in developed countries, intervention efforts in developing countries need to address the context and focus on the root causes specific to this part of the world. Here, we describe these health-seeking behaviors that lead to the threat of AMR and healthcare practices that drive the development of AMR in developing countries and we discuss alternatives for disease prevention as well as other treatment options worth exploring.
发展中国家抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的成因复杂，可能源于医疗保健专业人员的行为、患者对抗菌药物使用的行为，以及人群中抗菌药物的供应链。其中一些因素可能包括不适当的处方行为、患者教育不足、诊断设施有限、抗菌药物的非法销售、缺乏适当运作的药品监管机制，以及抗菌药物在动物生产等非人类用途中的使用。鉴于发展中国家的这些因素可能与发达国家不同，发展中国家的干预措施需要针对具体情况，关注世界这一地区特有的根本原因。在此，我们描述了导致AMR威胁的这些就医行为以及在发展中国家推动AMR发展的医疗实践，并讨论了疾病预防的替代方法以及其他值得探索的治疗选择。
