Wroblewski N, Wylon K, Ulrich C
Hauttumorcentrum, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
Hautarzt. 2017 Jun;68(6):437-444. doi: 10.1007/s00105-017-3988-2.
Non-melanoma skin cancer and its precursor lesions are common diagnoses in dermatological practice, due to rising incidence and prevalence. Diagnosis is often clinical with subsequent histological confirmation. First-choice treatment for invasive carcinomas is complete surgical excision. Other therapeutic options, such as radiation or systemic therapies, should only be considered when excision is impossible. Mostly located on parts of the scalp that are poorly visible and accessible, particularly for elderly patients, these lesions are a challenge for physicians and patients alike. Especially regarding precursor lesions, the therapeutic options are numerous and should be adapted to the individual patient. The main risk factor for development of non-melanoma skin cancer and its precursor lesions is chronic UV exposure. A possible occupational context should always be considered. Preventative methods based on patient education and adequate sun protection behavior are particularly important. The prognosis of non-melanoma skin cancer improves significantly with early diagnosis, as well as with guideline-compatible treatment and follow-up.
由于发病率和患病率不断上升，非黑色素瘤皮肤癌及其前驱病变是皮肤科临床常见的诊断。诊断通常依靠临床诊断，随后进行组织学确认。侵袭性癌的首选治疗方法是完整的手术切除。只有在无法进行切除时，才应考虑其他治疗选择，如放疗或全身治疗。这些病变大多位于头皮上难以看见和触及的部位，尤其是老年患者，对医生和患者来说都是一项挑战。特别是对于前驱病变，治疗选择众多，应根据个体患者进行调整。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌及其前驱病变发生的主要危险因素是长期紫外线暴露。应始终考虑可能的职业背景。基于患者教育和适当防晒行为的预防方法尤为重要。早期诊断以及符合指南的治疗和随访可显著改善非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的预后。
