Bodea S V
Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Kirrberger Straße, Gebäude 90, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland.
Radiologe. 2017 Jun;57(6):443-449. doi: 10.1007/s00117-017-0254-7.
High-risk drug consumption is a considerable problem for public health actors in industrialised countries. The latest trends show a market tendency towards diversification and increasing demand for high-purity synthetic drugs. Whilst most consumers seek medical help after cannabis use, it is high-risk drugs like cocaine, heroin and amphetamines that account for most of the 1000 drug-related deaths that occur in Germany every year.
This article presents the most prominent in vivo cerebral metabolic information in cocaine, heroin and methamphetamine users provided by MRI spectroscopy and PET imaging.
We reviewed the literature reporting neuroimaging studies of in vivo metabolic data for methamphetamine, cocaine and heroin consumption published up to March 2017. The search was conducted using PubMed with the following key words: methamphetamine, cocaine, heroin, MR spectroscopy, PET.
MRI and PET are indispensable tools in gauging brain metabolic response to illegal drug abuse. Future breakthroughs in this field will most likely come from the investigation of novel neurotransmitter systems in PET and imaging phosphorus and carbon metabolites in MRI.
在工业化国家，高风险药物消费是公共卫生领域的一个重大问题。最新趋势显示，市场呈现出多样化的倾向，对高纯度合成药物的需求不断增加。虽然大多数大麻使用者在使用后会寻求医疗帮助，但在德国每年发生的1000例与药物相关的死亡案例中，可卡因、海洛因和安非他命等高风险药物占了大多数。
本文介绍了通过磁共振波谱成像（MRI）和正电子发射断层显像（PET）所提供的、关于可卡因、海洛因和甲基苯丙胺使用者最为显著的体内脑代谢信息。
我们回顾了截至2017年3月发表的有关甲基苯丙胺、可卡因和海洛因消费的体内代谢数据的神经影像学研究文献。使用PubMed以以下关键词进行检索：甲基苯丙胺、可卡因、海洛因、磁共振波谱、正电子发射断层显像。
MRI和PET是衡量大脑对非法药物滥用代谢反应的不可或缺的工具。该领域未来的突破很可能来自于对PET中新神经递质系统的研究以及对MRI中磷和碳代谢物的成像研究。
