School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Centre for Brain Research, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
Brain Sci. 2012 Oct 1;2(4):434-82. doi: 10.3390/brainsci2040434.
Methamphetamine (MA) is a potent psychostimulant drug whose abuse has become a global epidemic in recent years. Firstly, this review article briefly discusses the epidemiology and clinical pharmacology of methamphetamine dependence. Secondly, the article reviews relevant animal literature modeling methamphetamine dependence and discusses possible mechanisms of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity. Thirdly, it provides a critical review of functional and structural neuroimaging studies in human MA abusers; including positron emission tomography (PET) and functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The effect of abstinence from methamphetamine, both short- and long-term within the context of these studies is also reviewed.
甲基苯丙胺（MA）是一种强效的精神兴奋剂药物，近年来其滥用已成为全球性的流行问题。首先，本文简要讨论了甲基苯丙胺依赖的流行病学和临床药理学。其次，文章回顾了相关的动物文献，讨论了甲基苯丙胺诱导的神经毒性的可能机制。第三，本文对人类 MA 滥用者的功能和结构神经影像学研究进行了批判性综述；包括正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和结构磁共振成像（MRI）。还回顾了这些研究中短期和长期戒断甲基苯丙胺的效果。
