Rapido Francesca
Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, "Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori", Milan, Italy.
Blood Transfus. 2017 May;15(3):218-221. doi: 10.2450/2017.0311-16.
Haemolysis occurs in many haematologic and non-haematologic diseases. Transfusion of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) can result in intravascular haemolysis, in which the RBCs are destroyed within the circulation, and extravascular haemolysis, in which RBCs are phagocytosed in the monocyte-macrophage system. This happens especially after RBCs have been stored under refrigerated conditions for long periods. The clinical implications and the relative contribution of intra- vs extra-vascular haemolysis are still a subject of debate. They have been associated with adverse effects in animal models, but it remains to be determined whether these may be involved in mediating adverse effects in humans.
溶血发生于多种血液系统和非血液系统疾病中。输注浓缩红细胞（pRBCs）可导致血管内溶血（即红细胞在循环中被破坏）和血管外溶血（即红细胞在单核巨噬细胞系统中被吞噬）。这种情况尤其在红细胞长期冷藏保存后发生。血管内溶血与血管外溶血的临床意义及相对作用仍存在争议。在动物模型中，它们与不良反应相关，但这些不良反应是否参与介导人类的不良影响仍有待确定。
