Holtz Casey A, Fox Robert A
Wisconsin Lutheran College.
Marquette University.
Infant Ment Health J. 2012 Jan;33(1):82-94. doi: 10.1002/imhj.20341.
The purpose of this study was to construct a screening tool, the Early Childhood Behavior Screen (ECBS), to identify behavior problems and prosocial behaviors in very young children (1-5 years old) from low-income backgrounds. Field testing of the initial screening tool was conducted with a representative, diverse sample of 439 parents from a low-income, urban community. The final 20-item scale was written at a 3.9 grade reading level. Psychometric properties of the ECBS revealed that the items loaded on two factors, the Challenging Behavior factor and the Prosocial Behavior factor. Each factor demonstrated high levels of internal consistency (.87 and .92, respectively). The Challenging Behavior factor demonstrated adequate levels of concurrent validity (r = .75), sensitivity (r = .82), and specificity (r = .80) based on its relationship with the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (S.M. Eyberg & D. Pincus, 1999). The Prosocial Behavior factor is a clinically useful aspect of the ECBS, as it allows researchers and practitioners to identify the child's positive behaviors as part of a strength-based approach to treatment. The results suggested that the ECBS has potential as a brief screening tool that is useful in pediatric, psychological, and educational settings that serve low-income populations to aid in the identification of young children with challenging behaviors that may require intervention services.
本研究的目的是构建一种筛查工具——幼儿行为筛查量表（ECBS），以识别低收入家庭背景的幼儿（1至5岁）的行为问题和亲社会行为。最初的筛查工具在一个来自低收入城市社区的439名具有代表性的多样化样本家长中进行了现场测试。最终的20项量表的编写阅读水平为三年级第九个月。ECBS的心理测量特性表明，这些项目加载在两个因素上，即挑战性行为因素和亲社会行为因素。每个因素都表现出较高的内部一致性水平（分别为0.87和0.92）。基于其与埃伯格儿童行为量表（S.M.埃伯格和D.平卡斯，1999年）的关系，挑战性行为因素表现出足够的同时效度（r = 0.75）、敏感性（r = 0.82）和特异性（r = 0.80）。亲社会行为因素是ECBS在临床上有用的一个方面，因为它使研究人员和从业者能够将儿童的积极行为作为基于优势的治疗方法的一部分来识别。结果表明，ECBS有潜力作为一种简短的筛查工具，在为低收入人群服务的儿科、心理和教育环境中有用，以帮助识别可能需要干预服务的有挑战性行为的幼儿。
