Wu Junyi, Qu Zhen, Fei Zi-Wei, Wu Jun-Hua, Jiang Chun-Ping
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2017 May;13(5):2855-2866. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.5824. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
Exosomes are small, extracellular membrane- enclosed vesicles that contain a variety of molecules, including proteins, DNA, mRNA and non-coding RNA; these vesicles have been defined as new tools for intercellular communication between cells. Numerous types of cells, including stem cells, secrete exosomes into the extracellular environment, and are significant communicators in the tumor microenvironment. Stem cells are a unique cell population defined by their ability to indefinitely self-renew, differentiate into a variety of cell lines, and form clonal cell populations. Stem cells also secrete large amounts of exosomes, which have demonstrated great potential in a variety of diseases. Increasing evidence has revealed that the mechanism of interaction between stem cells and human tumor cells involves the exchange of biological material through exosomes. In this review, the latest developments in the role of stem cell-derived exosomes in cancer are highlighted.
外泌体是一种微小的、细胞外被膜包裹的囊泡，其中包含多种分子，包括蛋白质、DNA、信使核糖核酸（mRNA）和非编码RNA；这些囊泡已被定义为细胞间通讯的新工具。包括干细胞在内的多种类型细胞会将外泌体分泌到细胞外环境中，并且是肿瘤微环境中的重要通讯者。干细胞是一类独特的细胞群体，其定义特征在于能够无限自我更新、分化为多种细胞系并形成克隆细胞群体。干细胞还会分泌大量外泌体，这些外泌体在多种疾病中已显示出巨大潜力。越来越多的证据表明，干细胞与人类肿瘤细胞之间的相互作用机制涉及通过外泌体进行生物物质的交换。在本综述中，重点介绍了干细胞衍生外泌体在癌症中作用的最新进展。
