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引言:2015 年及以后“后艾滋病时代”与全球健康话语的构建

Introduction: Framing 'Post-AIDS' and Global Health Discourses in 2015 and Beyond.

机构信息

Core Faculty and Academic Coordinator at CIEE London - Global Institute, 46-47 Russell Square, London, WC1B 4JP, UK.

出版信息

J Med Humanit. 2020 Jun;41(2):89-94. doi: 10.1007/s10912-017-9443-7.

DOI:10.1007/s10912-017-9443-7
PMID:28523394
Abstract

This special issue, entitled "Post-AIDS' and Global Health Discourses: Interdisciplinary Perspectives,' emerged from a one day Medical Humanities symposium at the Leeds Centre for Medical Humanities, at the University of Leeds, England, on February 27th 2015. This special issue focusses on the perceived deprioritising of HIV and AIDS in the Sustainable Development Goals, or SDGs, that were launched in 2015. The SDGs function as policy benchmarks for all entities within the United Nations system and they supersede the Millennium Development Goals, or MDGs, which expired in 2015. As the word millennium indicates, the MDGs were launched in 2000 and 2015 was designated as the benchmark year when the successes and shortcomings of the MDGs would be critically assessed. One key difference between the MDGs and the SDGs, which D'Ambruoso foregrounds (2013), is that the writing process underpinning the SDGs involved lengthy consultations, and feedback, with communities and health care practitioners around the world. By contrast, because the MDGs were mainly written by government officials, policy makers and health care practitioners without consulting wider communities, the processes underpinning the SDGs consultations are more inclusive than the MDGs. What is most critical about the SDGs for this special issue, however, is that they reflect a clear shift away from 'HIV exceptionalism' and towards what critics have described as 'post-AIDS' rhetoric, specifically when one compares the MDG health goal 6 and the SDG health goal 3.

摘要

本期特刊题为“艾滋病后与全球健康话语:跨学科视角”,源于 2015 年 2 月 27 日在英国利兹大学利兹医学人文中心举行的为期一天的医学人文学研讨会。本期特刊重点关注了人们认为在 2015 年推出的可持续发展目标(SDGs)中,艾滋病毒和艾滋病的优先地位降低了。SDGs 是联合国系统内所有实体的政策基准,它们取代了 2015 年到期的千年发展目标(MDGs)。正如“千年”一词所表明的那样,MDGs 是在 2000 年推出的,2015 年被指定为对 MDGs 的成功和缺点进行批判性评估的基准年。D'Ambruoso 强调(2013),MDGs 和 SDGs 之间的一个关键区别是,SDGs 的编写过程涉及与世界各地的社区和医疗保健从业者进行长时间的协商和反馈。相比之下,由于 MDGs 主要是由政府官员、政策制定者和医疗保健从业者编写的,没有咨询更广泛的社区,因此,SDGs 协商所依据的过程比 MDGs 更具包容性。然而,对于本期特刊来说,SDGs 最重要的是,它们反映了从“艾滋病毒例外主义”向批评者所谓的“艾滋病后”言论的明显转变,具体来说,当比较 MDG 健康目标 6 和 SDG 健康目标 3 时。

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